Social Reforms
What movement fought to end alcohol consumption?
Temperance Movement
What reform allows voters to remove elected officials before their term ends?
Recall
What organization represents workers to improve wages and conditions?
Labor Unions
What law required truthful labeling and safe food?
Pure Food and Drug Act
Who founded Hull House to help immigrants and the poor?
Jane Addams
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th Amendment
What law established the direct election of senators?
17th Amendment
What law broke up monopolies and trusts?
Sherman Anti-trust Act
What term describes political parties outside the two major U.S. parties that often introduce new ideas and influence elections, such as the Bull Moose Party during the Progressive Era?
Third Parties
Name a famous muckraker who exposed meatpacking industry abuses.
Upton Sinclair
What was the national effect of the 18th Amendment, which banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States?
Rise of illegal alcohol production (bootlegging), speakeasies (secret bars), and organized crime.
Name a political reform that lets citizens propose laws.
Initiative
What 1887 law was the first federal effort to regulate railroad rates and prevent unfair business practices across state lines?
Interstate Commerce Act
What Act improved meatpacking industry safety?
Meat Inspection Act
What political groups controlled city governments and were often corrupt?
Political Machines
What major social change involved large increases in city populations?
Urbanization
What is the voting process called where citizens directly vote on laws?
Referendum
What is the term for when workers collectively stop working to demand better wages, hours, or working conditions?
Strike
What was the name of Theodore Roosevelt’s domestic policy that aimed to ensure fairness for workers, consumers, and businesses through trust-busting, consumer protection, and conservation?
The Square Deal
Who was a leader in the women’s suffrage movement?
Susan B. Anthony
What constitutional amendment allowed the federal government to collect income tax?
16th Amendment
What is a “direct primary”?
A primary election where party members choose candidates
What late 19th-century political movement sought to represent farmers and laborers by advocating for things like the free coinage of silver and government control of railroads?
Populism
Which Progressive Era movement, championed by Theodore Roosevelt, focused on protecting natural resources and establishing national parks and forests?
Conservation
What was the nickname of the Progressive Party formed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1912 after he split from the Republican Party?
Bull Moose Party