Scientific Method
A statement that predicts what will happen in an experiment, based on observations and prior knowledge, is called a
Hypothesis
A scientist tests how different types of soil affect plant growth. They measure the height of the plants and keep water, sunlight, and temperature the same. These unchanged factors are called ____
Control Variables
This is the measure of how much matter is in an object
Mass
This is the measure of the force of gravity on an object.
Density is the measure of how much of this is packed into a given volume
Mass
When a scientist performs the same experiment several times to make sure their results are accurate and reliable, this is called
Repetition
This is the variable that the scientist intentionally changes or tests in an experiment.
Independent variable
An astronaut has a mass of 70 kg. On Mars, gravity is 3.7 m/s^2. What is their weight on Mars?
259 N
The formula for density is this
density = mass ÷ volume
Before starting an experiment, scientists read books, articles, or websites to learn more. What is this called?
Preliminary Research
Which variable changes as a result of the independent variable and can be measured?
Dependent variable
In physics, this unit is used to measure mass.
Kilograms or grams
A 20 kg object is on the Moon, where gravity is about 1.6 m/s^2. What is the weight?
32 N
An object has a mass of 100 g and a volume of 50 cm³. Its density is this
2 g/cm³
When different scientists perform the same experiment to gain confidence in their results, this is called
Replication
A scientist tests how the amount of water affects the number of seeds that sprout. What is the independent variable and the dependent variable?
Independent variable: amount of water Dependent variable: number of seeds that sprout
Name the 2 types of scales we discussed to measure mass.
pan balance scale and triple beam balance scale
This term describes the difference between mass and weight: mass measures matter, but weight measures this.
the force of gravity
If an object is less dense than water (1 g/cm³), it will do this in water.
What would be the next step a scientist will take after their data does not support their hypothesis?
Generate further questions, form a new hypothesis and design new experiments.
A teacher investigates if the size of a ramp changes how far a toy car rolls. What is the independent variable and what is the dependent variable
Independent variable: size of ramp
Dependent variable: distance the car rolls
Two objects exist with masses of 2000kg and 10,000kg. Which one would have the strongest gravitational pull?
the object with the greater mass
A person weighs 600 N on Earth. On the Moon, where gravity is 1/6 as strong, their weight would be approximately this.
100 N
A block of metal has a mass of 540 g and a volume of 60 cm³. Calculate its density.
9 g/cm³