Foundations
All simple and logical explanations should be ruled out before considering more complex ones
What is parsimony
Refers to the change in a person being observed
What is reactivity
Measuring behavior after it has occurred by measuring the effects the behavior produced on the environment
What is a permanent product
Behaviors that do not depend on the actions of others to provide an outcome
Automatic reinforcement
Refers to the temporal relation of stimuli or events coming before an occurrence of behavior.
What is an antecedent
A proceeder that provides zero probability of reinforcement
What is extinction
A philosophy of science of behavior that relies on experimental analysis
What is behaviorism
Every instance of behavior occurs during some amount of time
What is temporal extent?
Entails three elements, which all lead to creating experimental control
Designed to obtain information about the purposes (functions) a behavior serves for a person
What is a functional behavior assessment (FBA)
When stimuli with known reinforcing properties are delivered on a Fixed-time or variable-time schedule, independent of the learner's behavior.
Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR)
A contingency is presented to all members of a group, but reinforcement is only given to those who meet the criteria outlined in the contingency.
What is an Independent group contingency
Assumes that there is an "inner dimension" that explains behavior outside of a behavioral dimension
What is mentalism
Recording the time of day a behavior occurs
What is a scatterplot
The data show no evidence of an upward or downward trend, and all of the measures fall within a small range of values.
What is stable baseline
Behaviors that are learned as a result of their effectiveness in terminating or postponing aversive events
What is negative reinforcement
An interspersed sequence of requests or pre-task requests also refer to
Behavior momentum
Establishes communicative behavior to compete with problem behaviors evoked by an establishing operation
What is functional communication training
Entails describing all procedures with detail and clarity
What is technological
Wrist counters, tally marks, frequency measures are examples of
What are event recordings
Compares the differential effects of a range of values of the independent variable
What is a parametric analysis
When a behavior occurs frequently, though it is not consistently followed by a specific consequence
What is intermittent reinforcement
Establishes communicative behavior to compete with problem behaviors evoked by an establishing operation
Functional communication training (FCT)
When the rate, latency, duration, or magnitude of a response is altered in the presence of an antecedent stimulus
What is stimulus control
_____is behavior selected by the history of its consequences
What is operant behavior
The process of applying quantitative labels to observed events using a standard set of rules
What is measurement
Experimental design
The intervention should be....
Functionally equivalent to problem behavior
NCR escape (i.e., negative reinforcement) potentially does what to the instructional process?>
What is interrupt
An antecedent intervention where reinforcement occurs on a FT or VT schedule independent of the learner's behavior
What is non-contingent reinforcement