Psychology
These chemicals carry signals across the synapse between neurons.
Neurotransmitters
The law of demand says as price rises, this falls (ceteris paribus).
Quantity demanded.
What does SWOT stand for?
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats.
The French Revolution began in this year.
1789
NGO stands for this.
Non-governmental organization
This kind of learning happens by associating two stimuli (like a bell with food)
Classical conditioning
Price elasticity of demand (PED) measures the responsiveness of this to price.
Quantity demanded.
What’s the difference between a shareholder vs stakeholder?
Shareholder owns equity; stakeholder is any party affected by the firm.
The 1919 treaty that ended WWI between Germany and the Allies.
In IR, sovereignty means what?
Supreme authority within a territory (final legal authority).
This brain structure is crucial for forming new long-term (explicit) memories.
Hippocampus
A government sets a maximum price below equilibrium. What is this called, and what does it cause?
Price ceiling, it causes a shortage
A business’s fixed costs do not change with output. Give one example of a fixed cost.
Rent, insurance, or salaried staff
Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution allowed this presidential power.
Rule by decree (emergency powers).
The theory viewing states as power-seeking actors in anarchy
Realism
In a study comparing spaced practice vs cramming on test scores, name the variable the researcher manipulates and the outcome measured.
Independent variable: study strategy (spaced vs cramming); Dependent variable: test scores/performance
With an excise tax, if demand is more inelastic than supply, who bears more of the tax burden?
Consumers.
If a company sells more products, its variable costs go up. Give one example of a variable cost.
Raw materials, hourly wages, or packaging
The 1938 agreement that ceded the Sudetenland to Germany.
Munich Agreement.
Which UN body can authorize collective force under Chapter VII (of the UN Charter), and what condition among P5 is required?
UN Security Council; no P5 veto (9 affirmative votes and no veto).
The thinking shortcut where people judge how likely something is by how easily examples come to mind (e.g., overestimating plane-crash risk after seeing news)
Availability heuristic
When demand is price elastic, what happens to a firm’s total revenue if it lowers the price of its product?
Total revenue increases, because the percentage increase in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage fall in price.
The Ansoff Matrix outlines growth strategies. Which one is the lowest risk: Market penetration, product development, market development, or diversification?
Market penetration
Which U.S. policy, announced in 1947, provided economic and military aid to countries resisting communism, and is often seen as the start of the Cold War?
The Truman Doctrine.
How many member states are in the United Nations, as of 2025?
193 member states.