Enzymes/ Calculations
What class of macromolecule are enzymes?
Proteins
What is the predominate energy system for the first 3s of exercise?
free floating ATP
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
What is the starting substrate of the Krebs Cycle?
Citrate
How many CO2 are produced during stage 2 of metabolism?
2
Past what % of VO2max does an individual start to use more carbohydrate than fat?
65%
What energy system has the slowest ATP turnover rate (or produces ATP the slowest)?
Oxidative Phosphorylation
What is the allosteric (or limiting) enzyme for the krebs cycle?
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
What are the 3 allosteric (or rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis)
hexokinase, PFK, and pyruvate kinase
What supplement do athletes take to help delay fatigue of the phosphagen system?
Creatine
At what RQ would an individual be using an equal percentage of carbohydrates and fats?
0.85
The phosphagen energy system provides energy until approximately when?
15s
What electron carrier drops off its electrons at complex 1 in the ETC
NADH
How many protons are pumped through complex 3 in the ETC?
2
The conversion of ingested or stored macronutrients into usable energy is known as
Bioenergetics
The concept that describes the shift in macronutrient substrate utilization as exercise intensity increases
The Crossover Concept
Whats the absolute amount of resting ATP throughout the human body?
90g
This complex pumps protons from the intermembrane space to the mitochodrial matrix to produce ATP
ATP Synthase
Stage 2 and Stage 3 of carb metabolism take place in what part of the cell?
mitochondrial Matrix
How many ATP are produced from each molecule of glucose in glycolysis?
2 ATP
What class of enzyme indicates a redox reaction?
dehydrogenase
What enzyme catalyzes that reaction that occurs in the phosphagen energy system?
Creatine Kinase (CK)
What enzyme is not involved in glycolysis if starting with glyogen instead of glucose?
hexokinase
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
oxygen
How many ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose?
30 ATP