Lower Respiratory System Review
The right lung has
lobes, and the left lung has _lobes.
3,2
The circulatory system works with the respiratory system to maintain body function transporting ____________ hemoglobin and delivering waste ____________ to pulmonary capillaries.
Oxygen; carbon dioxide
Term used to describe the movement of air into and out of the lungs?
Pulmonary ventilation
The ability of the lungs and chest wall to stretch and expand
Respiratory compliance
Configuration of the rib cage and abdominal wall makes up the ____.
Chest wall shape
The components of the lower respiratory system are
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs
Why does air move out of the lungs during exhalation?
Pressure inside the lungs is higher than atmospheric pressure
Name the main dome-shaped muscle that contracts during inspiration, along with one accessory muscle
The diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles.
Name 2 major symptoms that typically occur during an asthma attack
Wheezing and shortness of breath
The maximum volume of air expired after a maximally inspired breath.
Vital Capacity
Gas exchange in external respiration occurs in which cells?
Type I alveolar cells
All of the following muscles are used during forced inhalation, except
Internal oblique
When the diaphragm contracts, lung volume _____, and intrapulmonary pressure _____.
lung volume increases, intrapulmonary pressure decreases
The oxygen saturation level in the blood and the pulse rate are measured by
Pulse Oximeter
The process of taking deep breaths and continuing until the air supply is expended.
Extended Steady Utterances
Which best describes the path that deoxygenated blood travels from the heart into the lungs?
Right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, capillaries
According to Dalton's Law, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the alveoli and the bloodstream because
Each gas diffuses to the area of its lower partial pressure.
Gas law that explains why increased lung volume lowers pressure, allowing air to flow inward.
Boyle's Law
Parts of the sternum that form the anterior chest wall framework
Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
Activities that use continual utterance production.
Running Speech Activities
1. In gas exchange (external respiration):
Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries into alveoli
If your friend asked you to explain regulation of the breathing rate, you would likely make all of the following points except
Respiration is a voluntary function, regulated by the cerebral cortex.
Name percentages of inspiration vs expiration during speech breathing and quiet breathing.
speech breathing: 10% inspiration, 90% expiration
Quiet breathing: 40% inspiration, 60% expiration
Chronic lung disease characterized by long-term airflow limitation and includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
COPD
The volume of air measured at the end of a maximum breath in the pulmonary apparatus.
Total lung capacity