Autoimmune Hematologic Disorders
This autoimmune disorder causes autoantibodies against red blood cells, leading to hemolysis.
Patients with thrombocytopenia often present with this type of skin finding.
What is petechiae?
This type of anemia results from defective DNA synthesis, leading to macrocytic red blood cells.
What is megaloblastic anemia?
This X-linked enzyme deficiency leads to episodic hemolysis after oxidant stress.
What is G6PD deficiency?
Smudge cells on peripheral smear are characteristic of this leukemia.
What is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?
This condition features antibodies directed against platelets, leading to increased bleeding and bruising.
What is immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?
This autosomal dominant disorder is the most common inherited bleeding disorder.
What is von Willebrand disease?
This anemia is caused by autoimmune destruction of intrinsic factor.
What is pernicious anemia?
Heinz bodies and bite cells are characteristic findings in this condition.
What is G6PD deficiency?
Reed-Sternberg cells are diagnostic of this lymphoma.
What is Hodgkin lymphoma?
This test detects antibodies or complement proteins bound to the surface of red blood cells.
What is the Coombs test?
This vitamin deficiency leads to reduced synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X.
What is vitamin K deficiency?
Iron-deficiency anemia typically presents with this classic nail abnormality.
What is koilonychia (spoon nails)?
This hereditary disorder leads to iron overload due to excessive absorption in the gut.
What is hemochromatosis?
This leukemia is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome (t[9;22], BCR-ABL fusion).
What is chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?
This treatment can rapidly decrease autoantibody-mediated hemolysis by removing circulating antibodies.
What is plasmapheresis
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is classically associated with infections from this pathogen.
What is E. coli O157:H7 (Shiga toxin-producing)?
This chronic condition suppresses erythropoiesis via increased hepcidin.
What is anemia of chronic disease?
Polycythemia vera is associated with mutations in this gene.
What is JAK2?
Rouleaux formation of red blood cells on blood smear is a hallmark of this plasma cell malignancy.
What is multiple myeloma?
A 25-year-old woman presents with recurrent venous thrombosis and spontaneous abortions. Labs show a prolonged PTT not corrected by mixing studies.
What is antiphospholipid antibody syndrome?
A 36-year-old woman develops severe postpartum hemorrhage. She has oozing from IV sites, petechiae, and hypotension. Labs show thrombocytopenia, prolonged PT/PTT, low fibrinogen, and elevated D-dimer.
What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Aplastic anemia involves pancytopenia and a hypocellular marrow, often caused by this environmental exposure.
What is benzene (or radiation, drugs)?
Hemophilia A results from a deficiency in this clotting factor.
What is factor VIII?
A 6-year-old boy presents with fatigue, bone pain, and frequent nosebleeds. Exam shows lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Labs reveal anemia, thrombocytopenia, and blasts on peripheral smear. Bone marrow biopsy shows lymphoblasts positive for TdT.
What is acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)?