Saints
This saint promoted devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus after visions of Christ.
St. Margaret Mary Alacoque
Galileo taught that the earth revolves around this.
The Sun
This era of ornate art, music, and architecture was encouraged by the Church after Trent.
Baroque era
This council (1545–1563) guided the Catholic Reformation.
Council of Trent
This pope created the Gregorian calendar.
Pope Gergory XIII
He worked with St. Jane Frances de Chantal to found the Visitation Order.
St. Francis de Sales
Many of America’s Founding Fathers, including Jefferson and Franklin, followed this belief that God was a distant “watchmaker.”
Deism
This Latin phrase from the Peace of Augsburg means the faith of the ruler is the faith of the people.
Cuius Regio, Eius Religio
In this year, Martin Luther posted his Ninety-Five Theses.
1517
Founder of the Jesuits who wrote the Spiritual Exercises.
St. Ignatius of Loyola
Known for reforming the Carmelite Order alongside St. Teresa of Ávila.
St. John of the Cross
He is the philosopher known for the phrase “I think; therefore, I am.”
Rene Descartes
A term for the rising French middle class after the Middle Ages.
This naval battle in 1571 saw Christian forces defeat the Ottoman navy, with Pope Pius V crediting the Rosary.
Battle of Lepanto
This pope reigned during Napoleon’s rise and was taken prisoner by him.
Pope Pius VII
She co-founded the Daughters of Charity with St. Vincent de Paul.
St. Louise de Marillac
This French Revolution event on July 14, 1789, signaled the start of the Revolution.
Storming of the Bastille
A rationalist approach that dismisses faith and relies only on reason.
Rationalism
This French monarch called the Estates-General in 1789, sparking the Revolution.
King Louis XVI
Known as the “Apostle of Germany,” he helped win back Germans and Poles to Catholicism.
St. Peter Canisius
This French saint collaborated with St. Margaret Mary Alacoque to promote devotion to the Sacred Heart, even establishing a feast.
St. John Eudes
Jansenism was a heresy during the Enlightenment era. What did it falsely teach about human nature and grace?
human nature is completely depraved and God’s grace.
The period when the Church enacted reforms after the Council of Trent to correct abuses and oppose Protestantism.
Catholic Reformation / Counter Reformation
Name the papal bull that excommunicated Luther in 1520.
Exsurge Domine
This pope convened the First Vatican Council and defined papal infallibility.
Pope Pius IX