Laryngeal Framework
This bone is the only one in the body that does not articulate with another bone
What is the hyoid bone?
This is the only muscle that abducts the vocal folds.
What is the posterior cricoarytenoid?
This phase occurs when air pressure pushes the vocal folds apart.
What is the opening phase?
A breathy voice with incomplete glottal closure may indicate weakness in this muscle.
What is the lateral cricoarytenoid?
This cartilage forms the anterior and lateral walls of the larynx.
What is the thyroid cartilage?
These paired adductors pull the arytenoids together for medial compression.
What are the transverse arytenoids?
This effect helps close the folds by lowering pressure as air flows faster.
What is the Bernoulli effect?
Hoarseness and vocal nodules affect which structure of the larynx?
What are the vocal folds?
his ring-shaped cartilage sits below the thyroid and supports arytenoid movement.
What is the cricoid cartilage?
This intrinsic muscle lengthens and tenses the vocal folds, raising pitch.
What is the cricothyroid?
Phonation requires this minimum amount of subglottal pressure.
What is 3–5 cm H₂O?
This disorder involves the inability of vocal folds to adduct due to nerve damage.
What is vocal fold paralysis?
This cartilage folds over the laryngeal inlet during swallowing to protect the airway.
What is the epiglottis?
This relaxer shortens the vocal folds to lower pitch.
What is the thyromuscularis?
This theory explains vocal fold vibration as a combination of muscular tension and aerodynamic forces.
What is the myoelastic-aerodynamic theory?
Increased phonation threshold pressure often results from this physical condition.
What is dehydration?
These small cartilages sit atop the arytenoids.
What are the corniculate cartilages?
These extrinsic muscles elevate the larynx during swallowing.
What are the suprahyoid muscles?
This register is characterized by a low, creaky voice.
What is glottal fry?
A patient presents with pitch breaks due to underactivity of this tensor muscle.
What is the cricothyroid?