Major Divisions of the Skeleton
What are two main divisions of the skeleton?
The axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton
What are the two main types of bone tissue?
Compact bone and spongy bone
What type of bone is the femur?
A long bone and the strongest bone in the human body
What is the process of bone formation?
Ossification
What connects bone to bone
Ligaments
Which bones are included in the axial skeleton?
Skull, vertebrae column (spine), and rib cage
Where is the pelvic girdle and what does it do?
Ring like bony structure, 2 hip bones, sacrum, coccyx, connects axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton and helps support organs
What are the names of your carpals in your wrist?
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate
What tissue do most bones develop from in the embryo?
Cartilage
What connects muscle to bone?
Tendons
What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
Limbs (arms and legs), shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle
What is the soft spot called and when does it fuse?
It’s called posterior fontanelle and it fuses within 9-18 months of age
Give an example of a flat bone?
Sternum and the Skull Bones
What part of a growing bone allows it to lengthen during childhood?
The growth plate (epiphyseal plate)
What type of joint is the shoulder and the bone called?
A ball and socket joint and scapula
what is the primary function of the axial skeleton?
Protection of vital organs like the brain, heart, and lungs
What are 3 main functions of the skeletal system?
Support, protection, and movements
What types of bones are the vertebrae’s?
Irregular bones
At what age do most people bones stop growing in length?
Around 18-25 years old
What type of joint is the elbow and the 3 bones that connect
A hinge joint, ulna, radius, and humerus
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
206 bones
What mineral is the most stored in bones?
Calcium
What is the only sesamoid bone found in every human body?
Patella (kneecap)
What cells build new bone tissue?
Osteoblasts
What joint allows you to rotates your head side to side and what vertebrae is there?
A pivot joint and the cervical vertebrae