Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is composed of these
What are phospholipids?
required in order for active transport to occur
What is ATP?
Molecules move in this direction
Down their concentration gradient (high to low)
Osmosis - Active or Passive?
Passive
What is my favorite food?
Sushi!
allows some molecules to pass through but not all
What is selective permeability
The process of Active Transport
What is a molecule moving from low concentration to high concentration? (Up their concentration gradient)
Molecules that use simple diffusion?
What are small, nonpolar molecules?
the measure of the tendency of water to move; water moves from high water potential (less solute) to low water potential (more solute)
What is water potential?
A molecule similar to the substrate competes for the active site, blocking the substrate.
What is competitive inhibition?
function as cell signaling and recognition molecules
What are glycoproteins/glycolipids?
Result of Sodium Potassium Pump
3 Na+ out
2 K+ in
The movement of molecules across the membrane through protein channels or carrier proteins without using energy
What is facilitated diffusion?
What happens to an animal cell in a hypotonic solution?
Water enters the cell by osmosis, and the cell may swell and burst
An inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, changing enzyme shape and reducing activity
What is allosteric inhibition?
function of cholesterol on the membrane
What is controlling membrane fluidity?
bulk active transport where vesicles fuse with the membrane to release materials outside the cell
What is exocytosis?
How does passive diffusion maintain homeostasis?
Allows important molecules like O2 CO2 to quickly and easily pass through membranes without having to expend energy.
What happens to an animal cell in a hypertonic solution?
Water leaves the cell by osmosis, causing the cell to shrink
What is my favorite color?
Yellow!
Integrated into the membrane that function as channels or transporters
What are integral proteins?
two molecules move in opposite directions across the membrane in a active pump.
What is an Antiport Pump?
Types of molecules that use facilitated diffusion
What are polar molecules or charged Ions?
Ex. Glucose or Ca2-
How does osmosis maintain homeostasis?
regulates the water balance inside and outside cells, ensuring they don’t shrink or swell excessively,
biological catalysts (usually proteins) that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy
What are enzymes?