Relative Age Dating Principles
Fossils
Geological Time Scale
Genetics
Natural Selection
100

What principle states that younger rocks are on top of older rocks?

  • A) Law of Uniformitarianism
  • B) Law of Superposition
  • C) Law of Original Horizontality
  • D) Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships

B) Law of Superposition

100

What are the remains or traces of ancient organisms called?

  • A) Fossils
  • B) Index Fossils
  • C) Geologic Features
  • D) Sedimentary Rocks

  • Answer: A) Fossils
100

What layer of rock can indicate a significant event in geological history?

  • A) Key Bed
  • B) Index Fossil
  • C) Unconformity
  • D) Sedimentary Layer

  • Answer: A) Key Bed
100

What molecule is responsible for protein synthesis?

  • A) DNA
  • B) RNA
  • C) Protein
  • D) Nucleotide

  • Answer: B) RNA
100

What is the process by which organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce called?

  • A) Natural Selection
  • B) Adaptation
  • C) Variation
  • D) Mutation

  • Answer: A) Natural Selection
200

What principle suggests that sedimentary layers are deposited in horizontal layers?

  • A) Law of Superposition
  • B) Law of Original Horizontality
  • C) Law of Lateral Continuity
  • D) Law of Inclusions

B) Law of Original Horizontality

200

What term describes a sudden widespread extinction of species?

  • A) Mass Extinction
  • B) Natural Selection
  • C) Fossil Record
  • D) Extinction Event

  • Answer: A) Mass Extinction
200

What is the timeline that organizes Earth's history called?

  • A) Geological Record
  • B) Fossil Record
  • C) Geological Time Scale
  • D) Timeline of Life

  • Answer: C) Geological Time Scale
200

What process converts DNA into RNA?

  • A) Replication
  • B) Translation
  • C) Transcription
  • D) Mutation

  • Answer: C) Transcription
200

What term describes a characteristic that improves an organism's chance of survival?

  • A) Variation
  • B) Adaptation
  • C) Mutation
  • D) Selection

  • Answer: B) Adaptation
300

What principle indicates that layers of sediment are continuous over a broad area?

  • A) Law of Inclusions
  • B) Law of Lateral Continuity
  • C) Law of Superposition
  • D) Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships

  • Answer: B) Law of Lateral Continuity
300

What is a gap in the geological record called?

  • A) Correlation
  • B) Unconformity
  • C) Erosion
  • D) Fossil Record

  • Answer: B) Unconformity
300

What process converts RNA into proteins?

  • A) Replication
  • B) Translation
  • C) Transcription
  • D) Mutation

  • Answer: B) Translation
300

What term refers to a color or pattern that helps an organism blend into its environment?

  • A) Mimicry
  • B) Camouflage
  • C) Variation
  • D) Adaptation

  • Answer: B) Camouflage
400

What are the fragments of rock included in a rock layer called?

  • A) Fossils
  • B) Inclusions
  • C) Index Fossils
  • D) Geologic Features

  • Answer: B) Inclusions
400

What is the method of matching rock layers from different locations called?

  • A) Correlation
  • B) Superposition
  • C) Index Fossils
  • D) Cross-Cutting Relationships

  • Answer: A) Correlation
400

What is a permanent change in the DNA sequence called?

  • A) Variation
  • B) Mutation
  • C) Adaptation
  • D) Selection

  • Answer: B) Mutation
400

What term describes when one organism resembles another for protection?

  • A) Camouflage
  • B) Mimicry
  • C) Adaptation
  • D) Variation

  • Answer: B) Mimicry
500
  • What principle states that if a rock layer is cut by another feature, the feature is younger?

    • A) Law of Superposition
    • B) Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships
    • C) Law of Original Horizontality
    • D) Law of Correlation

  • Answer: B) Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships
500

What is the method of matching rock layers from different locations called?

  • A) Correlation
  • B) Superposition
  • C) Index Fossils
  • D) Cross-Cutting Relationships

  • Answer: A) Correlation
500

What term refers to differences in traits among individuals in a population?

  • A) Selection
  • B) Variation
  • C) Mutation
  • D) Adaptation

  • Answer: B) Variation
500

How does natural selection lead to changes in a species over time?

  • A) Through changes in allele frequencies
  • B) By increasing genetic mutations
  • C) Through environmental changes
  • D) By random chance

  • Answer: A) Through changes in allele frequencies
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