Big Ideas
_______________helped humans stay in one place.
Agriculture
Something left over, like grain after a harvest
surplus
A group of states or nations ruled by one powerful government
Empire
How many river valley civilizations were formed during this time?
4
Who was at the top of the social classes?
Pharaohs, Kings, Emperors
_______________were created to better manage larger civilizations
Governments
An advanced state of cultural and material development in a society
Civilization
A silver metal stronger than bronze
Iron
Egypt is located on what river?
Nile River
Where were the first empires started?
Mesopotamia
Four important____________arose in river valleys around the same time.
Civilizations
The power of structure to represent, control, and organize a society
Government
A metal made from copper and tin
Bronze
Why was the Nile river beneficial to the Egyptians?
Fertile soil and the regular flooding of the river
Who started the first empires? (2)
Sumerians and Akkadians
New ____________made better tools and weapons.
Inventions
A city and surrounding territories governed as one state
City-state
The time before writing was invented
Prehistory
What were used as Royal tombs?
Pyramids
What civilization was very small, but had a big impact during the early civilizations and even today?
Israel
The creation of __________helped early civilizations succeed.
Writing
A ranking of people in a society based upon their role, wealth, or job
Social class
A group of people sharing similar beliefs and behavior
Culture
What are the names of the 4 river valley civilizations that arose during this time?
Egypt, Mesopotamia, India and China
How were people divided? (3 things)e
By the amount of land, cattle and grains they had