Name that Disorder
Alex, a 25-year-old college student, began withdrawing from friends and skipping classes.
Within a few weeks, he started hearing voices and believed his classmates were plotting against him.
His speech became disorganized, and he had trouble focusing on daily tasks.
After 4 months, the symptoms suddenly improved without long-term impairment.
Schizophreniform Disorder
With peri-partum onset
When manic, major depressive disorder, hypomanic episodes begin in pregnancy or at least 4 weeks after giving birth
How long is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
6 months or more
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized Speech and Behavior
Positive Symptoms
What does "with good prognostic features" mean? (Bonus: Name the 4 features)
They are more likely to have an easy recovery
- Psychotic symptoms started quickly
- Person seems confused
- They had a good life before
- They have emotional expression
Over time, Jordan began to notice a deep unease in certain places — crowded stores, busy streets, even open areas.
Each time the feeling struck, their heart raced, and a fear crept in about not being able to get out or find help if something happened.
Soon, Jordan started turning down invitations and stayed closer to home, where things felt safer and more controllable.
Agoraphobia
Seasonal pattern
A regular seasonal pattern of at least one type of episode
E.g. Every Winter I become depressed
How long is selective mutism?
At least a month
1. Restlessness
2. Fatigue
3. Difficulty Concentrating
4. Irritability
5. Muscle tension
6. Sleep disturbance
Generalized Anxiety disorder
What are Somatic Delusions?
Delusions involving bodily functions or sensations
Marcus had always been energetic, but last spring his energy became extreme. He stopped sleeping for days, convinced he had a special mission to start a global company. He spent thousands of dollars impulsively, talked rapidly, and became irritable when others didn’t keep up with his ideas. His behavior spiraled until his family took him to the hospital
Bipolar I
In full remission
During the past 2 months, no significant signs or symptoms of the disturbance were present
How long is Schizophrenia?
6 months or more
2 must haves:
1. Depressed Mood
2. Loss of interest
Major Depressive Disorder
What is a Gustatory Hallucination?
Hallucination involving taste
For years, Mia’s moods have swung up and down, but never to extremes. Some weeks she feels unusually upbeat — talking fast, needing less sleep, and taking on too many projects. Other weeks, she feels low and unmotivated, struggling to get out of bed but not completely hopeless.
Her friends say she’s unpredictable — “either super on top of things or totally checked out.” These mood shifts have lasted for over two years, yet she’s never had a full manic, hypomanic, or major depressive episode.
Cyclothymic Disorder
Criteria for Atypical features
A. Mood reactivity
B.
- Significant weight gain or increase in appetite.
- Hypersomnia
- Leaden paralysis
- A long-standing pattern of interpersonal rejection sensitivity that results in significant social or occupational impairment.
How long is a hypomanic episode?
At least 4 consecutive days
Stupor, Catalepsy, Waxy flexibility, Mutism, Negativism, Posturing, Mannerism, Stereotypy, Agitation, Grimacing, Echolalia, and Echopraxia
Catatonia
What does an agoraphobic fear? (Aside from being in certain situations)
Fearing that escape might be difficult or help may be unavailable
Marcus dreads social gatherings. Before speaking in class or meeting new people, his chest tightens and his hands start to shake. He constantly worries that others will notice his nervousness or think he’s awkward.
Even when friends invite him out, he usually makes excuses to stay home — not because he dislikes them, but because the fear of embarrassment feels unbearable. After every interaction, he replays what he said, convinced he sounded stupid.
Social Anxiety Disorder
Melancholic features
One of the following:
- Loss of pleasure
- Lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli
Three or more:
- Despair
- Worse in the morning
- Early awakening
- Psychomotor agitation/retardation
- Significant weight loss/anorexia
- Excessive guilt
How long is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder?
At least a year
Separation Anxiety
Which disorder would "Provisional" be added? And when would we add "Provisional"?
You apply the “provisional” specifier for Schizophreniform Disorder when:
The symptoms meet all criteria for Schizophreniform Disorder, but the episode has lasted less than 6 months and the person has not yet recovered (so you don’t know if it will become Schizophrenia or resolve).