Cardiovascular
What is the term used for an enlarged heart
Cardiomegaly
This condition is characterized by elevated blood pressure in the arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary Hypertension aka cor pulmonale
This sudden decline in kidney function leads to a buildup of waste products, electrolyte imbalance, and decreased urine output.
Acute Kidney Injury
How many chambers does the heart have and what are they?
Four. Right and left atrium, right and left ventricle
This noninvasive ultrasound test uses sound waves to create moving images of the heart, allowing providers to evaluate heart structure and function
echocardiogram
In acute kidney injury, the kidneys fail to excrete hydrogen ions, leading to metabolic acidosis. This pH imbalance affects electrically excitable tissues by altering this key cellular ion’s gradient, and stimulates the respiratory system to increase rate and depth of breathing
potassium (K⁺) and respiratory compensation (Kussmaul respirations)
True or False: The resting heart rate of an athlete could be lower than that of someone that does not exercise regularly
True. You might see RHR's of 40's and 50's in athletic patients vs the average of 75bpm
Electrolyte disturbances from conditions like acute kidney injury can affect the central nervous system, causing symptoms such as confusion, lethargy, or even this severe manifestation.
seizures
This side of heart failure causes blood to back up into the lungs, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath and crackles
Left Sided Heart Failure
This acid–base imbalance occurs when the body produces too much acid or when the kidneys fail to excrete enough hydrogen ions.
metabolic acidosis
This life-threatening condition occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac, compressing the heart and impairing its ability to pump effectively
Cardiac Tamponade
How do you treat metabolic acidosis?
Treat with IV sodium bicarbonate if severe (pH < 7.1).
Dialysis if acidosis is refractory or associated with uremia.