What is energy?
The ability of bodies to perform work.
What happens when energy is consumed?
It doesn’t disappear; it transforms into another form.
What is nuclear energy?
Energy stored in the nucleus of atoms, released when the nucleus changes.
Give a real-life example of potential → kinetic energy.
A book falling from a shelf or water flowing down a waterfall.
What is mechanical energy?
Energy a body has to produce movement; includes potential and kinetic energy.
What is chemical energy?
Energy stored in a substance’s chemical composition (like gasoline or food).
Give an example of chemical → mechanical energy.
Burning gasoline in a car engine makes the car move.
Food that is processed by body systems, allowing humans to move.
Why can humans and animals do physical work using food?
Because the chemical energy in food becomes mechanical energy in muscles.
What is potential energy?
Energy a body has because of its position in space.
What is thermal energy?
Energy transmitted between bodies at different temperatures.
Give a real-life example of electrical → heat energy.
A toaster or an electric heater.
State the principle of conservation of energy.
Energy is never destroyed; it only transforms from one form to another.
What is kinetic energy?
Energy a body has when it is moving.
What is electrical energy?
Energy produced by the movement of electric charges through a conductor.
What particles carry electric energy through a metal wire?
Electrons
True or False: Most known forms of energy are produced from chemical energy.
True
When is kinetic energy equal to zero?
When the body is at rest.
What does electrical energy become in a light bulb?
Light and heat.
Name three types of power plants that produce electricity.
Hydroelectric, thermal (coal), and nuclear plants.
Explain briefly how a thermal power plant generates electricity.
Burning coal produces heat → boils water → steam turns turbines → generators produce electricity.