Chapter 4
Fault that requires a "bad mind" in the actor.
Subjective Fault.
This is a classic excuse defense.
Insanity.
What happens to defendants with a successful insantiy defense?
They are civilly committed/ Mental hospital
This term establishes when you can be criminally liable for someone else's conduct; applies criminal liability to accomplices and accessories.
Complicity.
What is the name of the law that criminalizes an act that was innocent when it was committed?
Ex Post facto law.
Unconsciously creating risks.
Negligence.
If a defense is perfect, the defendant is.....
Acquitted.
The man who attempted to assonate Present Reagan is....
John Hinckley.
This term applies to participants after crimes are committed.
Accessories.
When professionals make judgments based on their education, training, and experience, this is called....
Discretionary Decision Making.
An event that comes between the initial act in a sequence and the end result.
Intervening Cause.
Commonly referred to as the "stand your ground doctrine", this is a defense stating when attacked in your own home, you have no duty to retreat and can use deadly force if you reasonable believe the attack threatens death or serious bodily injury.
Castle Doctrine/Exception
Only followed in one state, this mental illness test states that acts that are the "products" of mental disease or defect excuse criminal liability.
Durham Rule/ Product of Mental Illness Test.
This type of liability is attached to participation of a crime AFTER the crime is committed, and is typically prosecution for a minor offense than the crime itself.
Accessory Liability.
Offenses that are crimes only because of a specific statute or ordinance are called what?
Mala Prohibita.
Consciously creating risks.
Recklessly.
What kind of defense begins with defendants submitting evidence in support of their justification or excuse?
Affirmative Defense.
This test of mental illness stated the defendant suffered a defect of reason caused by a disease of the mind, and consequently, at the time of the act, didn't know what they were doing or the act was wrong.
McNaughtan Rule/Right-Wrong Test.
This term applies to participants before and during the commission of crimes.
Accomplices.
Which theory of crime focuses on 'an eye-for-an eye' mentality and emphasizes getting even?
Retribution.
This is liability without either subjective or objective fault.
Strict Liability.
What are the four elements of self-defense?
Non-aggressor, necessity, reasonable belief, and proportionality.
This defense is when defendants use the excuse that they were forced to do what they did.
Defense of Duress.
This case involved a man, impersonating a woman, involving accessory after the fact.
State v. Chism.
This aims to reduce crime by the threat of punishment to convince criminal wannabes in the general population to not commit a crime in the future.
General Deterrence.