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the farthest object we can see in the night sky
What is Andromeda Galaxy?
According to what theory did the universe form in an instant, billions of years ago, in an enormous explosion.
What is the BIG BANG theory?
Law that states that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us.
What is Hubble's Law?
Inner planets are considered to be which ones.
What are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars?
In 1965, two famed American physicists named what accidentally detected faint radiation on their radio telescope.
Who are Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson?
Andromeda Galaxy takes its light how many years to get to Earth.
What is 3 million?
A large cloud of gas and dust that collapsed to form our solar system about FIVE BILLION YEARS AGO.
What is the Solar Nebula?
The thermal energy leftover from the big band that is believed to have been distributed in every direction as the universe expanded.
What is cosmic background radiation aka mysterious glow?
Outer planets are which ones.
What are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune (and sometimes Pluto)?
Vera Rubin discovered that stars and nebulas make up as little as 10% of the mass in the galaxies. The remaining mass is known as what.
What is dark matter?
Astronomers theorize that the universe began this years ago
What is billions?
The solar nebula flattened, forming a rotating disk where gravity pulled most of the gas into the center of the disk, where the gas eventually became hot and dense enough for nuclear fusion to being and form what.
What is the sun?
Based on careful measurements of how fast distant galaxies are moving away from us and the cosmic background radiation, astronomers estimate the universe is how old.
What is 13.7 billion years old?
For what reason are the Inner planets relatively small and rocky.
What is temperatures were very high resulting in most of the water and other ice-forming materials vaporized and the gases escaped the gravity of those planets?
Astronomers estimate dark matter makes up how much of the universe's mass.
23%
Light seen from far away galaxies traveled how long to reach Earth
What are billions of years?
Gas and dust formed small asteroid-like and comet-like bodies. These formed the building blocks of the planets by working together and colliding to grow larger to create planets.
What are planetesimals?
Identify an analogy that explains Hubble's Law.
Raisin bread dough rising...the farther a raisin is from the faster it would move away because there would be more bread dough to expand between you and the raisin.
Planets in cooler areas had increased GRAVITY and were able to capture much of the hydrogen and helium gas in the surrounding space making these planets...
What is large?
Galaxies appear to be moving farther away from each other than before with no known force causing it. This mysterious new force is known as what.
What is Dark energy?
About 200 million years after big bang, it is believed what happened.
the first stars and galaxies formed.
True or False: Astronomers believe the universe will likely expand forever.
What is true?
Hubble's Law is named after what famed astronomer from what decade.
Who is Edwin Hubble in the 1920s?
The sun, planets, and belts of rock, ice, and dust make up what.
Place the following events in the proper order: planets form; planetesimals form; solar nebula shrinks; nuclear fusion begins in the sun.
Solar nebula shrinks, nuclear fusion begins in the sun, planetesimals form, planets form