Vimy & Canadian Leaders
The year the gleaming white marble Vimy Memorial was unveiled, standing as a reminder of 11,285 Canadian soldiers killed in France who have no known graves
1936
These air battles involved pilots maneuvering to shoot down enemy planes with mounted machine gun
Dog Fights
The German policy that angered President Woodrow Wilson and was resumed in January 1917 in the belief that Britain could be starved in five months
Unrestricted Sub Warfare
This African-Canadian was promoted to the high-ranking position of officer, which was significant because it showed the army would not discriminate against the best soldiers
William White
This battle, which began on September 6, 1914, marked the beginning of trench warfare and saw additional French troops arrive by taxi
The Battle of Marne
This was the highest and most important feature of Vimy Ridge, captured in a frontal bayonet charge against machine-gun positions
What is Hill 145
A pilot earned this nickname, such as "The Red Baron," if they shot down five or more planes
ACE
The name of the German ambassador who tried to send a telegram offering Mexico money and weapons to invade Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico
Zimmerman
This Canadian Métis sniper was credited with 115 kills and was presented the Military Medal of Honour
Henry Norwest
This plan, named after a German Army Chief of Staff, assumed Russia would take six weeks to gather a large army and required France to surrender within that timeframe
What is the Schlieffen Plan
The strategic approach implemented by the Canadians at Vimy that combined heavy artillery, tanks, and advancing troops to give Germans little time to counter-attack
Rolling or Creeping Barrage
Germany resumed this naval policy in January 1917, convinced they could starve Britain in five months, but risking the American entry into the war
Unrestricted Sub Warfare
The British ship sunk in 1915 that had over 100 Americans on board, increasing tensions between the U.S. and Germany
Lusitania
This soldier was famous for being the most highly decorated Canadian soldier, credited with 374 kills
Francis Pegahmegabow
Known as “The Bloodbath,” this 1916 offensive against the Germans by the British resulted in 58,000 British troops lost on the first day alone
What is the Battle of the Somme
Born in Strathroy, Ontario, this brilliant commander was the first Canadian appointed to lead the Canadian Corps and helped plan the last 100 days of the war
Arthur Currie
The German invention that allowed the machine gun to be synchronized with the propeller blades of an airplane
Synchronized Machine Gun
Allied reconnaissance planes spotting a gap in German lines contributed to the success of the Allies at this early battle
The Battle of the Marne
The controversial Minister of Militia and Defence who chose to forgo the established mobilization plan in 1914 and personally coordinate a speedy call-up
Sam Hughes
The devastating artillery strategy implemented by Canadians at Vimy Ridge, which used heavy artillery, tanks, and advancing troops to force Germans into their deep dugouts
Rolling Barrage
The total number of Canadians killed and wounded during the capture of Vimy Ridge
What is 3,598 killed and another 7,000 wounded (or over 10,000 casualties)
Who is the Canadian pilot credited with shooting down the German ACE, "The Red Baron"
Arthur Roy Brown
The amount of troops the U.S. would mobilize and send to Germany once they declared war in April 1917
500 000
This African-Canadian received the "Military Cross" for single-handedly pushing a huge field gun to an important location through heavy enemy fire
James Grant
This battle, fought in Flanders, Belgium, in 1917, was fought on marshy land with poor drainage and was known as the “Battle of the mud”
What is the Battle of Passchendaele