Properties of Water
What type of bond holds water molecules together?
Hydrogen bonds
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
What elements make up lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (C, H, O)
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
What property of water allows it to stick to itself?
Cohesion
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in carbohydrates?
1:2:1
What are the building blocks of lipids?
Glycerol and fatty acids
What elements are found in proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (CHON)
What are the two types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What is the term for water's ability to climb up thin tubes?
Capillary action
Name a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals.
Glycogen
Name one function of lipids in the body.
Long-term energy storage or insulation
What is a polypeptide?
A chain of amino acids
What is the function of DNA?
Stores genetic information
Why does ice float on water?
Ice is less dense than liquid water
What carbohydrate provides structural support in plant cell walls?
Cellulose
What makes lipids hydrophobic?
Nonpolar nature
What role do enzymes play in the body?
Speed up chemical reactions
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
How does water help regulate Earth's temperature?
Water has a high specific heat, absorbing and releasing heat slowly
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in cells?
Quick energy source
Name two types of lipids found in cell membranes.
Phospholipids and cholesterol
How does protein structure relate to its function?
The 3D shape determines its specific function
What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
Double helix