Enter Title

Philosopher

100

only a strong, intimidating, and scary ruler can prevent the citizens from acting out on their selfish instincts/nature

Hobbes

200

published the Encyclopedia to ensure information & education was accessible to all citizens, so that they could make decisions and form opinions for themselves about government

Diderot

300

the philosopher known for, "to hold a pen is to be at war" meaning, use free speech to attack injustice, corruption and improve the world around you

Voltaire

400

Punishments need not be overly harsh to prevent crime. Even criminals are rational, they simply need to believe the likelihood of getting caught is high, and the penalty outweighs the benefit of the crime.  

Beccaria

500

Human nature is diverse, with unique skills and talents. Therefore, all people should have equal access to education and the ability be assessed and assigned to a job based on those talents. 

Plato

Vocabulary

100

This occurs when the government is divided into three different branches (executive, legislative, and judicial); it prevents an abuse of power.

separation of powers

200

a rulebook for government

constitution

300

the terminology used to describe when one branch has power over another branch of the government; to prevent an abuse of power.

checks and balances

400

A monarch whose power is limited by a written set of laws, or must share power with other branches of government.

limited OR constitutional monarchy

500

a condition in which no governments, or laws exist at all.

state of nature

Montesquieu

100

the branch of government responsible for making/passing laws

Legislative

200

the branch responsible for law enforcement or carrying out laws (like head of military/police)

executive

300

the branch of government responsible for interpreting law 

Judicial

400

In England, the legislative branch was run by _____ . In the U.S. it is Congress. 

Parliament

500

In England the head of the executive branch was _____. In the U.S. it is the President. 

Monarch, King, or Queen 

Potpourri

100

This philosopher advocated for equality of opportunity to education for all citizens

Wollstonecraft

200

True or False: Hobbes believed in divine right absolute monarchy. 

FALSE- Hobbes believed the ruler was given power by the social contract. The people gave the ruler the authority to rule. 

300

This philosopher argued for due process, meaning rights to a fair, speedy, and public trial, free from torture and the right to know your accuser. 

Beccaria

400

Capital punishment refers to the 

death penalty

(Which Beccaria opposed due to corruption in the justice system)

500

Many of these philosophers believed in a religious philosophy that God created the universe and humankind and that sat back to watch it unfold, not responding to prayer. This was called

Deism