Key Terms
What is national self-determination?
the idea that the borders of countries should be based on ethnicity and national identity
What happened in the election of 1912 that gave Woodrow Wilson a stronger opportunity to win?
Theodore Roosevelt ran as a progressive, splitting the republican vote.
What is Roosevelt best remembered for?
What ideas were Progressives concerned with? Give 2 examples.
Progressivism was a collection of different ideas and activities, not a tightly organized political movement with a specific set of goals
1) labor issues, 2) race issues, 3) women's issues
What is the name of the treaty that ended the Spanish-American war?
The Treaty of Paris
What is a direct primary?
a vote held by all members of a political party to decide their candidate for public office
He was not able to capture Pancho Villa and he handled things by rejecting the legitimacy of the new government and souring relations with Mexico
Theodore Roosevelt was instrumental in the US building what through Central America that would save time and money for commercial and military shipping?
The Panama Canal
What did the Nineteenth Amendment do?
Women were able to vote (anyone can vote regardless of gender)
Name the act that gave Guam a civil government.
The Organic Act of Guam
What is a recall?
the right enabling voters to remove unsatisfactory elected officials from office
Explain the Federal Reserve Act of 1913.
The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 created the reserve banks, which were supervised by a Board of Governors appointed by the president.
The Board set the interest rates the reserve banks charged other banks, which indirectly controlled the nation’s interest rates and the amount of currency in circulation.
Allowed Federal Government to grow or shrink economy
What is the name of the foreign policy that modified the Monroe Doctrine?
The Roosevelt Corollary
What did the Seventeenth Amendment do?
Changed how senators were elected; previously appointed by state governments, now elected by the people
What three key ideas convinced people that the US should become a world power?
1) desire for new markets
2) sense of cultural superiority
3) support for modern navy
What is an initiative?
the right of citizens to place a measure or issue before the voters or the legislature for approval
What organization did Woodrow Wilson create that can send "cease and desist" orders to companies engaging in unfair trade practices?
Federal Trade Commission
What were Roosevelt's reforms (the ones that tried to treat big business and labor interests equally) called?
The Square Deal
What did the Eighteenth Amendment do?
Prohibition (banned the sale of alcohol)
What event was the catalyst for the U.S. going to war with Spain over Cuba?
The sinking of USS Maine in Havana Harbor
What is a referendum?
the practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature
What respective platforms did Roosevelt and Wilson run under for the 1912 election?
Wilson: New Freedom; destroy monopolies
Name two organizations founded by Roosevelt to regulate big business and explain their impact.
1) Department of Commerce: Investigated big business and Roosevelt made "gentleman agreements"
2) Meat Inspection Act: Required federal inspection of meat sold via interstate commerce and had USDA set cleanliness standards
3) The Pure Food and Drug Act: banned making, selling, or shipping falsely labelled foods and drugs
What did the Sixteenth Amendment do?
Legalized the federal government to levy income tax
What year did the Spanish-American War take place?
1898