Rome
What was the capital city of the Eastern Roman Empire?
Constantinople (now Istanbul)
Fill in the blank: Roman religion was ________ (many gods) and ________ (gods had agreements with mortals to be offered sacrifices).
polytheistic, contractual
Who was Charlemagne's father?
Pepin the Short
What was the main source of wealth in Germanic society?
Land
Who were the three main people on the Italian Peninsula when Rome was founded around 800 BC?
The Etruscans (to the north)
The Latins (in the center, where the city of Rome is)
The Greeks (to the south)
Who were the three most important gods in Roman religion, and what were they referred to as a group?
Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva
The Capitoline Triad
Who did the Franks cede power to?
Mayors of the Palace
Where did the Visigoths settle?
Bulgaria, Romania, Gaul (France), Hispania
What were the four main powers controlled by Roman Emperors?
Political, Military, Legislative, Religious
What were two of Ancient Rome's social classes?
Patricians (minority, rich and powerful families, own land)
Plebeians (majority, farmers, artisans, traders)
Slaves (objects, war prisoners and their descendants)
Women (almost always considered under age, not welcome in public life)
Which Pope appointed Charlemagne as emperor of Rome?
Pope Leo III
Fill in the blank: Each kingdom was ruled by a ______, who had a ______ to help him to gover.
king, council
What are the three stages of Roman civilization, and in which years did each stage happen?
1. The Monarchy - 753-509 BC
2. The Republic - 509-27 BC
3. The Empire - 27 BC - AD 476
What religion were the Visigoths?
Arian
Who was the last king of Rome?
Lucius Tarquin the Proud
Why did the Visigoths have to move to Hispania, and what was their capital city there?
They were forced to leave Gallia when the Franks defeated them in 507
Capital Toledo
1. The Italian Peninsula - 500-250 BC
2. Western Mediterranean - III-II BC (taken after the Punic wars against Carthage)
3. Eastern Mediterranean - II-I BC (Greece was the most important conquest. The Romans copied their culture, philosophy, gods...)
What were three tribes in the first wave of the Germanic kingdoms, and three tribes in the second?
First wave: Ostrogoths, Vandals, Burgundians, Suevi, Alans (established kingdoms that didn’t last for very long)
Second wave: Franks, Alamans, Angles, Saxons (created kingdoms that lasted for a long time)
Which Roman emperor divided Rome into the Eastern and Western Roman Empires in 395? Which of his sons did he appoint as their emperors?
Theodosius
Honorius (West)
Arcadius (East)
Name and describe the three main parts of the administrative organization of the Carolingian Empire
Counties: administrative units ruled by a count.
Marches: a border region that was well defended. Ruled by a marquess.
Missi Dominici: “the lord’s messengers”. Royal inspectors who controlled the counts and marquesses were acting according to the emperor.