Criminal Law
The main goal of this type of law is to punish and deter actions that harm society or the state.
What is criminal law?
The main purpose of this type of law is to resolve disputes and compensate those who’ve been wronged.
What is civil law?
This amendment guarantees freedom of speech, press, and religion.
What is the First Amendment?
This branch of law governs how businesses are created, structured, and managed.
What is corporate law?
This area of law protects creations of the mind like inventions, logos, and music.
What is intellectual property law?
These are the two categories of crimes, one minor and one major, based on severity and punishment length.
What are misdemeanors and felonies?
In a civil case, this person or party brings the lawsuit to court.
Who is the plaintiff?
This 1954 Supreme Court case declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
When two companies combine to form one, this term is used.
What is a merger?
Patents protect inventions, while this protects artistic and literary works.
What is copyright?
A person commits a minor theft but later returns the item and apologizes. The state still prosecutes them because the offense is against this.
What is society or the state?
A shopper slips on a wet floor in a grocery store and sues. To win, the shopper must prove this failure of reasonable care.
What is negligence?
Congress forces a tech company to hand over private data “for national security.” This amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches might apply.
What is the Fourth Amendment?
Corporate law ensures that businesses follow these, which are official written rules enacted by governments.
What are statutes (or regulations)?
A YouTuber uses a short movie clip in a review video. This might be allowed under this exception to copyright law.
What is fair use?
Police find stolen goods after searching someone’s house without a warrant. This type of evidence might be thrown out in court.
What is illegally obtained evidence (or a Fourth Amendment violation)?
A patient consents to a risky surgery, but complications arise. The doctor isn’t automatically liable because the patient gave this.
what is Informed Consent
A new law allows police to check everyone’s phone without cause. This would likely violate which constitutional protection?
What is protection against unreasonable searches and seizures (the Fourth Amendment)?
A company publicly lies about its profits to attract investors. This could result in charges for this white-collar offense.
What is fraud?
A tech company copies another’s logo and uses it on their website. This violates this type of IP protection.
What is a trademark?
These rights, established by the Supreme Court in 1966, stem from the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination and the Sixth Amendment right to counsel.
What are the Miranda rights (from Miranda v. Arizona)?
Damages that pay for losses are called compensatory, while those meant to punish bad behavior are called this.
What are punitive damages?
This 1803 Supreme Court decision established the Court’s power of judicial review. When the Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional, it is exercising this key power.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
A CEO uses company funds for personal expenses without board approval. This violates what duty owed to shareholders?
What is a fiduciary duty (or duty of loyalty)?
The goal of intellectual property law is to balance innovation with this competing value.
What is the public’s access to information (or fair competition)?