Mental Health
What is the definition of Mental Health?
Mental health refers to a state of social, physical and mental well-being which can be affected by biological, individual and social influences and perspectives (WHO ICF 2001). Disorders of mental ill health may be transitory, enduring or recurring and cause personal distress or impaired functioning in one or more areas of an individual’s life.
What is the percentage of people accessing the mental health services which have language impairments?
80% of people accessing mental health services had an impairment in language
What language, communication impairments may you see in people with Acute Psychotic Disorders?
Communication impairments – Receptive language impaired – difficulty following instructions/ unable to complete simple tasks/ impaired attention/impact on social skills and the norms; Slow processing speed, incoherence, difficulties maintaining topics, inappropriate topics
What is the role of SLT in MH settings?
SLT in these settings tend to be focused on how we can support functional communication – making communication better within their current environment and to be able to live a successfully in the community
They: Identify speech, language, communication and eating, drinking and swallowing difficulties. They can also provide therapeutic programmes to develop speech, language or communication skills.
Give me 4 models that we could use when working with this client group.
Person Centred Practice
Social Skills framework
Social Model of Disability
Means, Reasons and Opportunities
Psycholinguistic Processing Model
What are mental health problems?
Mental health problems can be described as difficulties and/or disabilities in the realm of personal relationships, psychological development, the capacity for play and learning and in distress and maladaptive behaviours. They are relatively common and may or may not be persistent
What is the percentage of people accessing the mental health services which have an impairment in communication and discourse?
over 60%
What language / communication impairments may you see in Personality disorders?
Thought disorders/inability to make appropriate choices/ word finding/ difficulty in getting the correct information, Express feelings inappropriately, impulsive, difficulties in social situations,
What may the MDT working for SLT look like in MH setting?
MDT – accessible information, support with Mental Capacity assessments, Support access to verbally-mediated interventions and individual or group-based talking therapies which require significant understanding and expressive language skills
What is the Means, Reasons and Opportunities model?
without the means of communication you cannot express yourself, without reasons for communication, there is no point or need to communicate and without the opportunities, there cannot be any communication. A framework for considering the very complex phenomenon of communication
Waht is a mental health disorders?
When mental health problems are persistent, severe or complex, and interfere with a person’s day-to-day functioning, they are often defined as mental health disorders. In some severe cases, the term psychiatric or mental illness is used.
What percentage of people with schizophrenia and people with bi-polar disorder presented with dysphagia?
23% of people with schizophrenia and 27% of people with bi-polar disorder presented with dysphagia
What language / communication impairments may you see in Mood disorders?
Impaired attention, social sills impaired/ topic maintenance/Withdrawn, pressured speech, poverty of speech, distracted/voice disorders
Give me 5 different assessments that can be used in this client group.
•Formal
–Mt Wilga
–Boston Naming
–TASIT
–TROG
•Informal
•Communication Observation
–Social communication skills
–Pragmatics profile adults
What is the Social Model of Disability?
Social Model of Disability – changing identified systemic barriers, negative attitudes and exclusion by societyWhat is the
The International Classification of Diseases – 10: Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders has classified mental health disorders under ten groups, what could they be?
There are those who have mental health problems that are present in childhood which may resolve, those mental health problems that are life-long, and those who have mental health problems that are acquired as adults.
What is the percentage of adults with mental health disorders that have some impairment in swallowing?
30%
What language / communication impairments may you see in anxiety disorders?
Physical symptoms like a dry mouth, shaky voice, or slurred speech, and cognitive and behavioral issues like distracted thinking, overthinking words, and avoiding social situations. Specific conditions like selective mutism prevent a person from speaking in certain situations due to a "freeze" response triggered by anxiety.
What is the definition of Mental Capacity?
Mental capacity is a person's ability to understand information, make a decision, and communicate that decision at a specific point in time. It is not a fixed state; a person's capacity can change and may differ for various types of decisions, such as being able to choose what to wear but not being able to decide on long-term care
What is the Psycholinguistic Processing Model?
Psycholinguistic Processing Model – word, sentence and discourse meaning are computed and represented in the mind
Give me 10 types of mental health disorders
self harming, substance abuse, mood disorders, PTSD,Anxiety disorders,eating disorders, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, dissociative disorder
What is the prevalence of dysphagia in inpatient and community mental health settings compering to general population?
35% in an inpatient unitand 27% in those attending day hospital
Give me 4 other language/ communication impairments that people with mental health disorders may also have.
Aphasia
Cognitive communication disorder
Dysarthria
Apraxia of Speech
Mental Capacity- When is the person unable to make a decision?
If they are unable to
to understand the information relevant to the decision,to retain that information,to use or weigh that information as part of the process of making the decision, or to communicate his decision (whether by talking, using sign language or any other means).
What is the Neurobehavioural Model ?
The model focuses on teaching new skills through behavioral and cognitive strategies, reinforced through consistent practice in real-life situations, to help individuals regain independence and social integration Neurobehavioural Model – supporting individuals to overcome their problems in a constructive and rewarding way using real life situations.