Particles
A theory that describes how matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion.
What is the Particle Model of Matter?
Increasing the temperature of a substance, causing particles to move faster.
What is heating?
When matter increases in volume due to heating.
What is Expansion?
A tool that measures temperature by the expansion or contraction of a liquid.
What is a liquid thermometer?
This variable is changed intentionally by the researcher.
What is a manipulated or independent variable?
The process of matter changing from one state (solid, liquid, gas) to another.
What is a phase change?
Decreasing the temperature of a substance, causing particles to move slower.
What is cooling?
A state of matter with a definite shape and volume.
What is a solid?
The amount of matter in an object, which remains constant during a phase change.
What is mass?
If these are not kept the same during each part of the experiment, the data will not be as useful in the end.
What are controlled variables?
This force draws all particles towards each other, and is responsible for the formation of planets and stars.
What is gravity?
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid.
What is a freezing point?
When matter decreases in volume due to cooling.
What is contraction?
The amount of space an object occupies, which can change during a phase change.
What is volume?
The researcher measures this variable to gather data.
What is a responding or dependent variable?
The hot air expands and density lowers. The same amount of particles take up less space. Things with lower density float on top of more dense things, so the balloon floats in the air.
A temperature scale where 0°C is the freezing point of water and 100°C is the boiling point.
What is the Celsius Scale?
A state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape.
What is a liquid?
The mass per unit volume of a substance.
What is density?
This kind of question should form the basis of any scientific experiment.
What is a testable question?
The temperature of an object is a measurement of the total amount of this kind of energy present in the particles.
What is kinetic energy, or how much the particles are moving.
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.
What is a boiling point?
A state of matter with no definite shape or volume.
What is a gas?
When a substance reaches this theoretical temperature, it would have no kinetic energy or movement in its particles at all.
What is absolute zero?
This kind of research is done before an experiment to ensure that your data is building on and consistent with other studies.
What is background research?