Terms
Language that a learner hears, reads, or sees which has communication purposes.
What is input?
Output is a way for learners to practice already existing knowledge.
True
APA
American Psychological Association. Use it or regret it!
A type of speech that is purposefully spoken slowly, with longer pauses and simpler vocabulary.
What is foreign-like speech. To make comprehension easier.
Some examples of language functions are complaining, thanking, and apologizing.
What are speech acts?
When there is an expression of language with meaning.
What is output?
Comprehension is the ability to understand communication input.
False-comprehension is also the ability to be understood. Using correct pronunciation and grammar are forms of comprehension.
NP
What is noun phrase?
Adjustments a learner makes during interactions with more competent speakers that bolsters their connections with input, intake, and output.
What is Negotiation for Meaning?
Research shows a faster pace of language development when learners are "engaged in communicative tasks, with questions being the targeted structure and with opportunities for interaction between participants."
SLA, p. 206 Mackey (1999)
Perhaps the most difficult area of language for an L2 to learn.
What is Pragmatics?
How L2 come to understand what and how to say during interactions. It is the study of how learners come to understand or comprehend meaning.
An expression of language that a learner is able to internalize.
What is intake?
Gesturing is not a form of input.
False-gesturing provides additional input when accompanied by verbal input.
TL
What is target language?
A subtle form for feedback where the teacher (interlocutor) does not correct the learner or provide positive affirmation that the language is correct.
What is Elicitation Feedback? It is subtle form of feedback with the goal of the student self-assessing their mistakes or what is correct. The teacher doesn't let the mistake just slide, and instead may pause and ask an inquiring question to get the learner to recognize an error.
SLA, p. 202
What is Meta-linguistic feeback
SLA, p. 202
A sociocultural approach that involves artifacts.
What is mediation?
Comprehensive output is prompting a learner to express language more precisely and coherently.
True
IL
What is Interlanguage.
Bonus points to define interlanguage?
The ability of a learner to block out some things during communication in order to focus specifically on others.
What is Inhibition?
It's an important skill to not be distracted during conversations. It leads to learning more from interactions.
There are 5 output procedures in the development of speech production in this theory.
What is L2 speech processing theory. The procedures are hierarchical and build upon each other: category procedure, noun phrase (NP) procedure, verb phrase (VP) procedure, sentence procedure (S-procedure), and subordinate clause procedure.
Keating, p. 19-20
When a new intake of language information is accommodated and reorganized in new ways.
What is restructuring?
For example, learners begin to comprehend how -s can create plurals and uses that knowledge to make other plural connections.
Keating, p. 16
Self-regulation in a learner is when they are able to communicate and perform activities with little or no support.
True-a person no longer needs translating tools or other people for communication success.
LRE's
Language Related Episodes
Conversation interactions where the learner explicitly shows they are thinking about their communication skills and how they are using language and its different forms.
When speech patterns change depending on social interactions and circumstances.
What is Speech Accommodation Theory?
A theory that includes four internal processes such as mediation and regulation.
What is Sociocultural Theory?