Fluid & Electrolytes
This term describes urine output less than 400 mL in 24 hours.
What is oliguria?
Name one diagnostic test used to confirm AKI.
What is serum creatinine, BUN, or GFR?
This term describes black, tarry stools associated with upper GI bleeding.
What is melena?
Esophageal varices develop due to increased pressure in this vein.
What is the portal vein?
The most common bacterial cause of peptic ulcer disease.
What is H pylori?
The normal range for serum creatinine in adults.
What is 0.7–1.2 mg/dL?
Older adults are at high risk for AKI primarily due to this condition.
What is dehydration?
The most common cause of upper GI bleeding.
What is peptic ulcer disease?
The most life-threatening complication of esophageal varices.
What is rupture and massive bleeding?
One lifestyle factor that increases the risk of peptic ulcers.
What is smoking or alcohol use?
The phase of AKI where urine output begins to increase after oliguria.
What is the diuresis phase?
The remarkable ability of kidneys to do this makes recovery possible.
What is regenerate tubular cells?
This vital sign pattern indicates hypovolemic shock from GI bleeding.
What is hypotension and tachycardia?
One pharmacologic therapy used to reduce portal hypertension.
What is octreotide or vasopressin?
Bright red blood on toilet tissue is most commonly associated with this condition.
What are hemorrhoids?
The most common cause of prerenal AKI.
What is decreased renal perfusion (hypovolemia)?
The classification stage of AKI where kidney function is completely lost.
What is ESKD (End-Stage Kidney Disease)?
The gold standard diagnostic procedure for GI bleeding.
What is endoscopy?
This procedure involves placing bands around varices to stop bleeding.
What is endoscopic variceal ligation?
One conservative management strategy for hemorrhoids.
What is a high-fiber diet or sitz baths?
This electrolyte imbalance is most dangerous in AKI because it can cause cardiac dysrhythmias.
What is hyperkalemia?
One nursing priority for a patient in the oliguria phase of AKI.
What is monitor intake and output?
This medication class reduces gastric acid secretion to help control bleeding.
What are proton pump inhibitors?
A sign that esophageal varices have ruptured.
What is hematemesis (vomiting blood)?
A complication of peptic ulcer disease that causes severe abdominal pain and rigid abdomen.
What is perforation?