Chromosomal mutation
Chromosomal mutations happen at what level?
Chromosomal level
Changes in what molecule result in mutations?
DNA or base pairs
What is it called when one base pair is changed?
Point mutation
Why does a nonsense mutation affect amino acids?
It introduces a stop codon prematurely.
Mutations in which types of cell cannot be passed down?
Somatic cells
Write the mRNA strand for this DNA sequence: ATGCA
UACGU
What mutation results when base pairs are added?
Insertion
What is the term for chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis?
Nondisjunction
How many chromosomes do humans normally have?
46
When a piece of one chromosome attaches to another, what mutation is this?
Insertion mutation.
Changes in DNA lead to changes in mRNA, which change what?
Amino acids
What do you call a mutation that does NOT change the amino acids?
Silent mutation
Which DNA mutation causes thick mucus and pancreas problems?
Cystic fibrosis
If a human has a trisomy, how many chromosomes do they have?
47
A cell with multiple sets of chromosomes is called what?
Polyploidy
What condition results from having an extra chromosome #21?
Down syndrome
What mutation introduces a premature stop codon?
Nonsense mutation
Mutations in which cells CAN be passed down?
Germ cells (egg/sperm).
Abnormal cell growth caused by mutations is called what?
Cancer
A cell with more than two chromosome sets is called what?
Polyploidy
What is someone called if they have more chromosomes than normal?
Polyploid.
In the documentary, what DNA issue did Gaby have?
DNA deletions
What can cause a mutation by damaging DNA?
A mutagen
What is it called when a person only has one chromosome instead of a pair?
Monosomy
What mutation occurs when part of DNA is lost?
DNA deletion