General Pharm
What should the RN check before mixing two IV drugs together in the same syringe?
Compatibility
True or false: medications for neuro diseases such as Parkinson's or depression typically have a quick onset and patients should feel the effects within a couple of days
False- Many neuro meds take several weeks or months for patient responses to occur
What lab value do you monitor in patients taking warfarin?
INR
What medication is contraindicated in patients taking sildenafil?
Nitroglycerin
Name two live vaccines covered in class
MMR and varicella
Name 3 patients factors that may increase risk of adverse drug events
Infant
Pregnancy
Patient's with comorbidities or serious illness
Name 3 possible adverse effects of SSRIs for depression
Sexual dysfunction
Weight gain
Withdrawal
GI bleeding
Teratogenesis
Protamine sulfate
Name the anticholinergic adverse effects associated with oxybutynin for overactive bladder
Dry mouth, blurry vision, constipation
What is one of using an inhaler versus an oral medication for asthma and COPD?
-Less systemic adverse effects
-Drugs delivered straight to site of action- work better
-Quicker onset and relief
What should you do if you make a medication error?
Incident report, follow institutional policies, monitor the patient
What are the two potentially fatal adverse effects associated with valproic acid for seizure and bipolar disorder?
Hepatotoxicity and Pancreatitis
Name a life-threatening adverse effect related to ACE inhibitors like lisinopril and ARBs such as losartan
Angioedema
C. diff infection, pneumonia, fractures
-Be aware of signs of infection
-Avoid life vaccines
-Do not stop medication abruptly
-Monitor weight
-Take in AM
Pharmacokinetics: What the body does to the drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)
Pharmacodynamics: What the drug does to the body (how they achieve their effects at various sites)
What drug is levodopa always given with and why?
Carbidopa
Prevents inactivation of levodopa before it reaches the brain
When should patients with angina take sublingual nitroglycerin?
At the onset of chest pain
Name something on a patient's history that would render them high risk for estrogen therapy
-History of thromboembolism
-History of hormone driven cancer
-Pregnancy
Your patient is starting allopurinol for gout. What are some adverse effects that the patient should be taught to report due to the risk of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome?
Fever and rash
Name 3 things that happen in response to activation of the sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight):
Increased HR
Increased BP
Bronchodilation
Pupil Dilation
Slowed digestion
Increased glucose
-Use proper oral care to minimize gingival hyperplasia
-Stop medication if rash develops
-Avoid other CNS depressants
-Take measures to prevent pregnancy
Give an example of a patient who should not receive alteplase (tPA)?
-Brain bleed or active neoplasm
-Internal bleeding
State the mechanism of action of sucralfate
Coats the ulcers
Name a drug interaction with cyclosporine
-Seizure meds
-Antibiotics
-Oral contraceptives
-Grapefruit juice