Wound Healing
Last 3 days
Increase in pain, redness, warmth and swelling
Inflammatory Phase
Damage to cartilage, bone, and tissue
Eschar or slough is present
Sinus track
Stage 4
What are factors that effect wound healing
(5-6)
Nutrition, lifestyle, medication, age, and general health
What are two primary functions of Inflammation
Restitution of normal functioning cells after injury
Fibrous repair when functional cells cannot be restored
Types of infection (4)
Localized
Systemic
Community acquired (CAI)
Healthcare Acquired (HAI)
Weeks Granulated Tissue
Lasts several weeks
Proliferative Phase
Blister, abrasions, or crater
Just epidermis layer not extended to dermis
Stage Two
Wound assessment (6)
Location, stage, appearance, drainage, type, and swelling / pain
3 lines of defense for inflammation
1. Skin / mucus membranes
2. Adaptive / protective process related to illness and injury
3.
Anatomical Barriers
Inflammatory Response
Immune system
What is the Most Common HAI
CAUTI
Wound edges can be approximated
Primary
Unstageable
caused by g tubes or oxygenation devices
Mucosal pressure injuries
Complications of wound healing (and surgery incision)
(5)
Dehiscence, evisceration, surgical emergency, hemorrhaging, ischemic tissue
Release cytokine particles
Tells neutrophils where the injury site is
What are non-specific presenting cells
Dendritic Cells
Neutrophils
Scar tissue forms and strengthens
Lasts 1-2 years
80% strength
Maturation / Remodeling Phase
Fat seen but no muscle or bone
Can be undermining or tunneling
Stage three
What is the subcutaneous tissue made of and what does it do?
Made of Adipose tissue
Delivers blood to dermis and provides insolation
What are the cellular difference between acute and chronic inflammation
Acute : Neutrophils (First Responders)
Chronic : Macrophages
Regenerate and replace scar tissue that changes structure
Stages of infection
1. before any symptoms
2. Vague symptoms
3. Major symptoms
4. Symptoms are resolving
Extra :
Symptoms never resolve
Body or bacteria dosent win
1. Incubation period
2. Prodromal period
3. Illness period
4. Convalescent
Extra :
Chronic illness
Wound left open until infections is gone, then is approximated
Tertiary
Skin is intact
Red, non blanchable
Stage One
What does the dermis layer do
Provides strength and elastic characteristics
What are the 3 Physiology response of inflammation
1. Blood vessels Dilate, causes redness and warmth
2. WBS Accumulate, forming pus
3.
1. Vascular Response
2. Cellular Exudate
3. Tissue repair and replacement
Chain of infection (6)
Reservoirs
Portal of exit
Means of Transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host