JUDICIAL VOCABULARY
The power or authority of a court to hear a case
What is Jurisdiction?
The minimum age requirement for a U.S. Presidential candidate.
What is 35 years old?
The lower federal courts established by Congress.
What are Inferior Courts?
This department promotes economic prosperity, manages federal finances, and collects taxes.
What is the Department of the Treasury?
This 2022 case overturned Roe v. Wade, holding that the Constitution does not confer a right to an abortion.
What is Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization?
The authority of a court to hear a case first.
What is Original Jurisdiction?
The required number of years a presidential candidate must have been a resident of the United States.
What is 14 years?
The term of office for federal judges, essentially a lifetime appointment, as long as this standard is maintained.
What is Good Behavior?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: This department is responsible for developing and implementing the President's foreign policy.
What is the Department of State?
This 2023 case ruled that considering race as a factor in college admissions violates the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard?
The only crime specifically defined in the U.S. Constitution.
What is Treason?
This type of citizenship is a constitutional requirement for the President.
What is a Natural-Born Citizen?
The authority of a court to review a case already heard by a lower court.
What is Appellate Jurisdiction?
This department serves as the chief law enforcement officer and legal advisor to the President.
What is the Department of Justice?
The two specific issues that were the focus of the Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard and Dobbs v. Jackson cases.
What are Affirmative Action and Abortion?
An open, observable action required for a treason conviction.
What is an Overt Act?
A statement that is False about Supreme Court Justices: they must be a natural-born citizen.
What is True or False: Supreme Court Justices must be natural-born citizens of the United States? (False)
The power of courts to determine the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.
What is Judicial Review?
The title of the person who heads the Department of Justice.
Who is the Attorney General?
This hypothetical 2025 case, FCC v. Consumers' Research, would likely deal with challenges to the regulatory authority of this agency.
What is the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)?
TRIPLE JEOPARDY: The limit on judicial power, meaning federal courts can only rule on actual legal disputes.
What are Cases and Controversies?
A statement that is False about the President: they must have held a previous elected federal office.
What is not a constitutional qualification?
Cases arising from laws relating to the sea and navigable waters.
What is Admiralty and Maritime?
The name given collectively to the heads of the 15 executive departments.
What is the President's Cabinet?
The power used by the Supreme Court to strike down a legislative or executive action, as exemplified by cases like Marbury v. Madison.
What is Judicial Review?