The 4 Cs
define complications
The character’s efforts to remove the obstacle typically create new problems that she must try to solve
Kleos
Renown or glory; this is eternal because your memory survives your physical life; doing great deeds makes you immortal.
our conscious awareness, is represented by the charioteer who is guiding (or who at least should be guiding) the horses and chariot. This is the part of us that thinks, analyzes, looks ahead, rationally weighs options, and tries to gauge what is best and truest overall.
the mind
The cause of the Trojan War
Paris kidnaps Helen from Menelaus
One feature of an epic is the appearance of long lists of names, places, and items
epic catalogue
Define Character
strong, interesting people are essential to good stories
Timé
Honor: this is essentially tangible, referring to the portion of prizes taken in battle. You are given this in recognition of your great deeds.
the part that gets angry when it perceives (for example) an injustice being done. This is the part of us that loves to face and overcome great challenges, the part that can steel itself to adversity, and that loves victory, winning, challenge, and honor
the spirit
The gods/ goddesses helping the Achaeans
Hera, Athena, Posiedon, low-key Zeus too
An event in the poem is compared at length to a natural phenomenon
Epic similie
Define causality
Events in stories are related because one event causes or initiates another
Doom: the time and place of your death have been appointed by the Fates and nothing can change that.
Moirai
What part includes all our myriad desires for various pleasures, comforts, physical satisfactions, and bodily ease
appetite
The reason Achilles leaves the war
Agamemnon stole his war prize Brisies
An epic poem begins with the hero at his low point, or in a moment of conflict; it does not start at the chronological beginning of the story
en media res
define conflict
A central character has a goal and obstacles that prevent the goal from being met
This is a form of moral blindness, madness or folly a god can send to punish or harass a mortal.
Até
What is the charioteer metaphor
spirit is white horse lifting up; appetite is dark horse dragging down; mind is charioteer in the middle steering both horses
The protector and lone hope for Troy
Hector
The first 12 lines of the epic which state the central theme or question of the work and summarize the story
proem
what are all 4 Cs
character, conflict, causality, complications
Shame: this is a deep fear of disgrace which keeps men from wrongdoing, based on the fear of what others will think of them.
aidos
Name the three parts
Mind, spirit, appetite
Why is "the will of Zeus moving toward its end"
Thetis supplicates to him asking him to honor her son Achilles
Homer uses certain stock phrases or adjectives almost like nicknames for characters; they typically refer to a certain trait or characteristic
epithets/ modifiers