Causes & Politics
This term means loyalty to your region rather than the whole country.
What is sectionalism?
The April 1861 attack on a South Carolina fort that marked the start of open hostilities.
What is Fort Sumter?
The period after the Civil War when seceded states were rebuilt and brought back into the Union.
What is Reconstruction?
The transport expansion that helped farmers ship crops to market and encouraged westward settlement.
What are railroads (or the railroad expansion)?
The Republican elected President in 1860 who opposed the spread of slavery.
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
Southern states supported this idea that allowed them to reject national laws they disagreed with.
What is nullification (or states’ rights)?
This Texas port city was captured by Union forces in 1862 and retaken by Confederates in 1863.
What is Galveston?
The June 19, 1865 event in Texas when General Granger announced that former slaves were free.
What is Juneteenth?
The invention of 1874 that allowed landowners to fence the open range and later sparked fence-cutting conflicts.
What is barbed wire?
The Texas governor who refused the Confederate oath and urged loyalty to the Union.
Who is Sam Houston?
The political party mostly in the North that wanted to abolish slavery.
What is the Republican Party?
The Texas battle where 47 Confederate soldiers stopped a Union invasion and captured ships.
What is the Battle of Sabine Pass?
The federal agency created to help freed people find jobs, education, and legal support.
What is the Freedmen’s Bureau?
The 1901 oil discovery near Beaumont that set off an oil boom is known by this name.
What is Spindletop (or Spindletop Field)?
The African American cavalry troops nicknamed by Native Americans as a term of respect.
Who are the “Buffalo Soldiers”?
The 1860 event (result) that prompted several Southern states to threaten or carry out secession.
What is the election of Abraham Lincoln (or Lincoln’s election)?
These slow, cotton-filled steamers helped the Confederates recapture Galveston.
What are cottonclad steamers (or “cottonclads”)?
The Constitutional amendment that officially abolished slavery.
What is the 13th Amendment?
Before railroads, ranchers used this method with cowboys to move herds to northern railheads.
What are cattle drives (or trail drives)?
The Comanche leader who later adapted to reservation life and became a cattle rancher.
Who is Quanah Parker?
Name two major issues that divided the North and South (one word each).
What are slavery and states’ rights? (either order)
The last major battle of the Civil War occurred near this Texas ranch.
What is Palmito Ranch?
The two Amendments that granted citizenship to former slaves and voting rights to African American men (name both numbers).
What are the 14th and 15th Amendments?
One negative effect of railroad companies on Texans mentioned in the slides (short phrase).
What are high/unfair shipping prices (or “railroad companies charging unfair prices”)?
Name one huge Texas ranch from the late 1800s (examples: King Ranch, JA Ranch, Shoe Bar, XIT).
What is the King Ranch? (or JA Ranch / Shoe Bar Ranch / XIT Ranch)