Pitch Perception
This neuronal response in the brainstem encodes a faithful representation of the frequency of a sound
frequency following response
This rhythmic term means "not evenly spaced in time"
non-isochronous
This crossmodal auditory illusion, generally illustrated by mismatched audio and video of a person speaking, is a classic example of auditory input being modified (or even overridden) by visual input.
McGurk Effect
This test, first used by Krumhansl, is used to determine how well a pitch fits within the music's tonal context
Describe the main argument of a study related to the origins of music. 100 bonus points are available if you describe the method as well.
Savage et al., 2015; Savage et al., 2021; Mehr et al., 2021; Response articles to Savage et al. (2021) and Mehr et al. (2021)
Many, many more!
This relationship describes the perceived categorical similarity of frequencies that are a specific distance apart
octave equivalence
This type of rhythm occurs when sounding notes do not align with the beats of a meter
syncopation
Purposely replaying your favorite song in your mind is an example of this phenomenon
voluntary musical imagery
To counteract the oversampling of WEIRD populations, this type of research collects data from people with varied musical practices across the world
cross-cultural
Describe the main argument of a study related to musical development. 100 bonus points are available if you describe the method as well.
Ex. Papers from the precept 4 roundtable; Cirelli, Einarson & Trainor (2014) about the effects of synchronous bouncing on helping behavior (clothespin task)
This type of auditory processing might occur when a melody made up of alternating high and low pitches is sped up
stream segregation
Performances that lack this feature may sound mechanical
expressive microtiming
Laboratory induced INMI often involve tasks meant to induce this state, as we did with the “follow the dot” video in lecture
low attentional state
This kind of cadence occurs when the final chord is something unexpected
deceptive cadence
Describe the main argument of a study related to musical expectation. 100 bonus points are available if you describe the method as well.
Ex. Krumhansl and Kessler -- tone profiles
This term describes the organization of the auditory system such that sounds with similar frequencies are represented by neighboring regions of the brain/auditory system
tonotopic
Performing better on a task that coincides with the beat could be evidence for this theory about rhythmic entrainment
dynamic attending
When songs get "stuck in our heads," they tend to be faithful to the original song in terms of these two basic auditory features
pitch and rhythm
5-11 month old infants are most sensitive to this feature of the melody
melodic contour
Describe the main argument of a study related to rhythm and groove. 100 bonus points are available if you describe the method as well.
Ex. Janata et al. (2012); Kragness et al. (2022) about how 3-6 year olds moved more to high groove music than low groove music
Frequency is encoded at a low level in the brain by this type of synchronized behavior of neurons
phase-locking
Rhythms tend to converge on this type of ratio
simple integer ratio
We use crossmodal conceptual metaphors to describe things such as timbre and pitch, and these mappings may be informed by our experiences with sound production in the world. For example, low pitches are often associated with these qualities (name 3)
Large size, slow pace, aggressiveness/dominance, low vertical position, negative valence
Described as an unconscious process of extracting patterns (like transition probabilities between syllables) to make future predictions, this type of learning builds our musical expectations.
statistical learning
Describe the main argument of a study related to musical memory and imagery. 100 bonus points are available if you describe the method as well.
Ex. Liikkanen, 2012; Jakubowski, 2018; Margulis - music-evoked narratives, imaginings