Microorganisms
A microbe that is harmful and causes infection is:
a. A reservoir
b. A pathogen
c. A nonpathogen
d. Normal flora
b. A pathogen
Vector-borne transmission refers to the spread of infection through:
A. Contaminated food or drink
B. Air particles
C. Infected insects or animals
D. Dirty medical instruments
C. Infected insects or animals
The process of becoming unclean is:
A. Asepsis
B. Disinfection
C. Contamination
D. Immunity
C. Contamination
The first link in the chain of infection is:
A. Reservoir
B. Pathogen
C. Portal of exit
D. Susceptible host
B. Pathogen
A. Infection control
Which of the following is not a pathogen?
A. MROs
B. Fungus
C. Normal flora
D. Bacteria
C. Normal flora
Which mode of transmission occurs when microbes travel in short distances and spread by coughing, sneezing, or talking?
A. Airborne
B. Droplet
C. Vector-borne
D. Vehicle-borne
B. Droplet
An infection acquired during a stay in a health care agency is a:
A. Communicable disease
B. Health care–associated infection
C. Nonpathogen
D. Hepatitis infection
B. Health care–associated infection
The reservoir is:
A. Where microbes live and multiply
B. The way microbes leave the body
C. The method of transmission
D. The treatment location
A. Where microbes live and multiply
___________ is the absence of disease-producing microbes.
A. Disinfection
B. Sterilization
C. Contamination
D. Asepsis
D. Asepsis
Which disease is caused by a pathogen?
A. Flu
B. Sunburn
C. Sprain
D. Fracture
A. Flu or common cold
Which of the following is an example of direct contact transmission?
A. Touching contaminated equipment
B. Shaking hands with an infected person
C. Eating spoiled food or contaminated water
D. Being bitten by an infected mosquito
B. Shaking hands with an infected person
TRUE OR FALSE
A local infection involves the whole body.
FALSE
The portal of exit refers to:
A. Where microbes enter the body
B. Where microbes leave the body
C. The body’s defense system
D. The infection site
B. Where microbes leave the body
Because you cannot tell by looking at people whether or not they carry pathogens, everyone must be considered a potential source of infection. Therefore, _____________ practices should be used when caring for all clients in all settings.
A. Transmission-based
B. Routine or Standard
C. Nonstandard
D. Isolation precaution
B. Routine or Standard
D. Warm, dark and moist
Indirect contact transmission happens when a person:
A. Took contaminated food or drink
B. Coughs or sneezes near another person
C. Is bitten by an infected animal or insect
D. Touches contaminated surfaces or objects
D. Touches contaminated surfaces or objects
What are the most common infections that occur within health care settings?
RUGS (Respiratory, urinary, gastro-intestinal, skin infections)
Covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing helps break the chain of infection at the:
A. Reservoir link
B. Portal of exit link
C. Portal of entry link
D. Susceptible host link
B. Portal of exit link
The process of cleaning:
A. Removes debris and organic materials
B. Destroys pathogens and non- pathogens
C. Destroys all microbes and its spores
D. Uses very high temperature
A. Removes debris and organic materials
Normal flora live:
A. On sterile equipment and any objects in a healthcare facility
B. In and on the body without causing disease
C. Only in wounds, mucous membrane and skin breaks
D. Only in air like dust, smog, smoke and anything that we breathe
B. In and on the body without causing disease
Airborne transmission occurs when microbes are:
A. Spread through large respiratory droplets that travel short distances, usually less than 1 meter (3 feet), during coughing, sneezing, or talking.
B. Carried by tiny particles or dust that remain suspended in the air for long periods and can travel over long distances.
C. Spread only through physical contact, direct or indirect
D. Transmitted through contaminated food and water
B. Carried by tiny particles or dust that remain suspended in the air for long periods and can travel over long distances.
Infection develops when:
A. The pathogen is destroyed and the person does not become sick
B. The pathogen survives, multiplies and the person becomes sick.
C. The immune system becomes stronger and destroys the microbes.
D. The body stays sterile and free of microbes.
B. The pathogen survives, multiplies and the person becomes sick.
True or False:
The portal of entry and exit of microorganisms are the same.
TRUE
Mrs. Adams is in isolation. Which action is correct?
A. Keep the door closed at all times.
B. Keep your contact time to a minimum.
C. Do not touch her at any time.
D. Say hello from her doorway as often as possible.
D. Say hello from her doorway as often as possible.