Foundations of Government
This 17th-century philosopher argued that all people have "Natural Rights" to life, liberty, and property.
Who is John Locke?
This person serves as the presiding officer of the House of Representatives and is second in the line of presidential succession.
Who is the Speaker of the House?
In this role, the President acts as the ceremonial symbol of the nation (e.g., throwing out the first pitch or hosting dinners).
What is Head of State?
This is the authority of a court to hear a case for the first time.
What is Original Jurisdiction?
These are the first ten amendments to the Constitution
What is the Bill of Rights?
This term describes the supreme and absolute power a state has within its own territory.
What is Sovereignty?
This type of permanent committee handles most of the day-to-day work of drafting and passing legislation.
What is a Standing Committee?
This group of electors officially casts the ballots to choose the President and Vice President.
What is the Electoral College?
Unlike the U.S. Supreme Court (where members are appointed), Montana Supreme Court justices are selected this way.
What is by Election?
These protect individuals from government interference (e.g., freedom of speech).
What are Civil Liberties?
This document served as the first "flawed" constitution of the U.S. before it was replaced due to its lack of a strong central government.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
According to the Constitution, this person serves as the formal President of the Senate and only votes to break a tie.
Who is the Vice President of the United States?
This council advises the President on matters of foreign policy and military security
What is the National Security Council (NSC)?
In this type of legal system, two parties present their case before an impartial judge or jury.
What is the Adversarial Justice System?
This is the standard the government must meet to justify restricting a fundamental right or liberty.
What is Compelling State Interest?
This type of nationalism is based on shared political values and citizenship rather than shared ethnicity or race.
What is Civic Nationalism?
When the House and Senate pass different versions of the same bill, this type of committee is formed to iron out the differences.
What is a Conference Committee?
This term refers to the President's role as the ultimate head of the U.S. armed forces.
What is Commander-in-Chief?
This type of law deals with disputes between private parties, where the goal is usually a "remedy" (like money) rather than prison.
What is Civil Law?
This branch of the Federal Reserve is responsible for managing the nation’s money supply and interest rates.
What is Monetary Policy?
The "Great Compromise" was reached between these two competing plans at the Federal Convention.
What are the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?
To win a seat in the Senate, you must be at least this old and have been a citizen for at least nine years.
What is 30 years old?
This is the specific number of electoral votes needed to win a Presidential election today.
What is 270?
These are the three levels of the Federal Judicial route, starting from the bottom.
What are District Courts, Circuit (Appellate) Courts, and the Supreme Court?
This amendment contains the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause.
What is the First Amendment?