Cell Structure
What name is given to an organism made of one cell?
Name one specialised cell
e.g. red blood cell, nerve cell, white blood cell
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46 chromosomes
How genetically similar are you to the person next to you?
99.9%
What are the 3 type of microorganisms?
bacteria, fungi, viruses
What name is given to organisms made of many cells?
Multicellular organisms
How are root hair cells adapted to perform their function?
Hair structures increase surface area for water absorption
What name is given to a fertilised egg?
What are the black bands on a DNA profile?
Sections of DNA
What do all microbes have in common?
They have genetic material
Where is DNA found in the cell?
In the nucleus
How are red blood cells adapted for their function?
Dent increases surface area for oxygen absorption
No nucleus to increase space to store oxygen
How many chromosomes are found in a sperm or egg cell?
23 chromosomes
Whats one use of DNA profiling?
Identying ancestors, paternity test, identifying dead bodies, catching criminals, finding genetic disease
What do micro organisms need to decompose material?
oxygen, water, suitable pH, warm temperature
Name a cell structure both animal and plant cells have
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm
How is the nerve cell adapted for its function?
Long with many connections to pass signals through the body.
What is the function of a gene?
To encode a trait
What people share 100% DNA similarity?
Identical Twins
How many bacteria can fit across a human hair?
50
Name one structure a plant cell has that an animal cell doesn't
Cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast
Why is it important to have specialised cells?
To perform specific functions, for the organism to be more efficient
What chromosomes control biological sex?
X and Y chromosomes
Whats one disadvantage of DNA profiling?
invasion of privacy, DNA information could be stolen, employers could use to information to not hire you
How many bacteria are there in the body?
Around 40 trillion