BLS Pharm
B2 Agonist - relaxes bronchial tissue
Intra-abdominal hemorrhage can cause bradycardia via what mechanism?
Vagus nerve stimulation
The heart has how many chambers?
4
Normal HR
60-100
Smallest level of the lungs, where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
Atrovent mechanism of action
Anticholinergic - relaxes bronchial tissue & reduces secretions
Preferred vasopressor in undifferentiated shock
Levophed
Arteries typically carry oxygenated blood while veins typically carry deoxygenated blood. What are the two exceptions?
Pulmonary/umbilical artery/vein(s)
What are the pulse-less rhythms?
Atelectasis
Alveolar collapse
ASA mechanism of action
Anti Platelet Aggregate - prevents platelets from sticking togetehr
Describe Ketamine's effects on cardiac output
Entrance to the skull that spinal chord enters
Foramen Magnum
What parasympathetic mediating nerve innervates the heart?
Vagus nerve
Condition characterized by acute onset, always secondary to another illness/injury, presence of bilateral pulmonary edema
ARDS
Narcan mechanism of action
Opioid receptor antagonist
Why does Ketamine typically cause an increase in MAP
Catecholamine release. Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine.
What are the three cardiac pacemakers
SA node, AV node, Purkinje Fibers
CO = ?
CO = HR * SV
What is ARDS?
Acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Why is Epinephrine administered in Anaphylaxis?
B2 agonist - relaxes bronchial tissue
A1 agonist - vasoconstriction
Anaphylaxis can cause MI via what mechanism?
Coronary artery vasospasm.
patent ductus arteriosus - what is it and what signals for it's closure
Neonatal shunt between pulmonary artery and aorta. Oxygen.
What separates the ventricles?
Intraventricular septum
Positive end expiratory pressure. Residual pressure in small airways at the end of exhalation.