DNA Structure
What does DNA Stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Name 2 men who were given credit for the discovery of the shape of DNA?
Watson and Crick
What is the name of the sugar found in RNA?
Ribose
What does DNA Replication mean?
The double (copying) of DNA to produce clones.
What does "extraction" mean?
To take out or away.
What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What other very influential scientist, who took pictures of DNA, never really go credit for the discovery of the shape of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
What base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil (U)
In what phase of the Cell Cycle does DNA Replication occur?
Interphase
What 2 layers/boundaries must be broken through in the lab in order to extract DNA?
Cell Membrane and Nuclear Membrane
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Deoxyribose Sugar, Phosphate, and Nitrogen Base
Franklin used what type of technology to take frozen images of DNA?
X-Ray Crystallography
What is the shape of RNA?
Single Helix (stranded)
What enzyme adds base pair to the unwound DNA?
Polymerase
What chemical actually broke through the cell membrane and the nuclear membranes?
Soap
What are the 4 bases spelled out and their matches?
Adenine and Thymine
Cytosine and Guanine
While Franklin focused on taking images of DNA, what did Watson and Crick focus on?
Building models of DNA.
What are the 3 types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
What enzyme unwinds DNA?
Helicase
What was the function of the alcohol in the lab?
To precipitate the DNA out.
What is the "backbone" made up of in DNA?
Sugar and phosphate
What does the term "anti-parallel" refer to?
On one side of the DNA the phosphate point up and on the other side it points down.
Approx. how many genes are found in a typical eukaryotic cell?
23,000
What enzyme glues and seals any gaps left behind after adding base pairs?
Ligase
If done successfully, what does the DNA look like and where should you have seen it?
White clouds, fog, or strings at the very top layer in the test tube.