Use of English 1
By the age of 30, David Rothschild had explored many remote places and succeeded in reaching both the North and South Poles! During his expeditions, he noticed the terrible _________that pollution and global warming were having on the environment.
effect
Do only humans use language? This is one of the most fascinating questions facing scientists in behavioural science. And interest in _____ or not other creatures can communicate as we do has led to research into North American prairie dogs.
whether
Computer scientists at a UK university have developed a new way of making lifelike images of trees. Previously, most cartoons and computer games had backgrounds that didn’t move, and large numbers of designers had to create hundreds of trees _____ (INDIVIDUAL).
individually
John will never win the race on Sports Day unless he practises harder. IF
John will never win the race on Sports Day_______ harder.
if he doesn't practise
I was really surprised when I won the competition.
EXPECT
I _______ the competition.
didn't expect to win
Rothschild _______up with the idea of constructing a boat using plastic waste and sailing it from the USA to Australia.
came
Recordings of prairie dog communication made over the last 20 years have shown that they use a complex range of sounds to tell ________ other about the presence of other creatures.
each
This affected the cost and ______ (EFFICIENT) of production.
efficiency
The football match was cancelled because the weather was so bad. RESULT
The football match was cancelled _________ the bad weather.
as a result of
Sofia started to do gymnastics nearly two years ago. DOING
Sofia _________nearly two years.
has been doing gymnastics for
After reading about the huge ______of waste plastic in the world’s oceans, he decided to do something to draw people’s *______ to the problem.
amount
attention
Some scientists now believe that prairie dogs have a rich language all of their _____. For example, they are able to communicate not only the size and shape of an individual human, _____ also the colour of their clothes.
own
but
The new process, however, ______(AUTOMATIC) creates many trees which move in a______ (NATURE) way.
automatically
natural
I learnt to surf about four years ago. SURFING
I’ve ______ about four years.
been surfing for
Having a car was too expensive for Tom’s brother until he got a weekend job. AFFORD
Tom’s brother _______ have a car until he got a weekend job.
couldn't afford to
The result was Plastiki. It was made almost entirely from plastic bottles, all _____ together with sticky organic glue. It had solar panels and wind turbines to_____ the crew with electricity.
held
suply
Prairie dog ‘language’ _____ well be the most sophisticated form of communication _____ be found in the animal kingdom so far.
may
to
The program copies this model and ‘grows’ lots more trees that all look similar in _____ (APPEAR). Dr Hall, the inventor of the process explained the next step of making these digital trees actually move: ‘Trees may look the same, but they move in ______(REGULAR) ways.
appearance
irregualar
No sooner had the volleyball team got a new captain than they won four matches. SOON
The volleyball team won four matches _______ got a new captain.
as soon as they
Joe doesn’t miss a goal very often in a football match. EVER
Joe_______a goal in a football match.
hardly ever misses
Despite the unusual materials used in its construction, Plastiki managed to survive _____weather conditions, and safely made the 16,000-kilometre voyage across the Pacific Ocean. Rothschild and his crew hoped that the Plastiki expedition would______ other people to think seriously about re-using waste materials.
extreme
inspire
Prairie dogs appear to have a rich community life, living in underground ‘towns’, or collections of prairie dog families, ______ typically cover anything up to two square kilometres.
However, the largest prairie dog "town" ever recorded is estimated to _______ covered 65,000 square kilometres!
which
have
They don’t all follow the same pattern, so creating this has always been a very _____(DEMAND) task for artists. Our program enables the user to control the trees to show their different _____ (REACT) to different weather conditions – and they can even be made to dance to music!’
demanding
reactions
It was silly of me to spend all my savings on a concert ticket. KNOWN
I should ______ than to spend all my savings on a concert ticket.
have known better
Sally is only allowed to go out after tidying up her bedroom. BEEN
Sally isn’t allowed to go out until ______ up.
her bedroom has been tidied