Daily Life & Society
Who were hoplites?
➡️ Citizen-soldiers of Greek city-states.
What is a peninsula?
A landform that is mostly surrounded by water.
What were the major Greek gods and goddesses called?
The Olympians
Philosophy
What academic field did Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle study?
Which city-state became the first democracy in the world?
Athens
Why did King Darius attack Greece at Marathon?
He wanted revenge for Greek support of a rebellion.
Did Athenian women have more or fewer rights than Spartan women?
➡️ Fewer rights.
How did mountains affect civilization in ancient Greece?
They protected Greeks but made farming difficult due to poor soil.
What powers did Zeus have?
Sky and thunder
Comedy and tragedy
What two types of plays did the ancient Greeks invent?
Who changed Athens’ constitution and made it a democracy?
Cleisthenes
Why was the Battle of Thermopylae significant?
Spartan bravery inspired Greece despite defeat.
What was the role of women in Sparta?
➡️ Physical training and property ownership.
How did the sea affect civilization in ancient Greece?
Greeks became sailors, fishermen, and merchants who traveled for trade.
Who was the goddess of wisdom and battle strategy honored at the Parthenon?
Athena
He wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Why is Homer important in world history?
Who was excluded from Athenian democracy?
Women, children, immigrants, and enslaved people.
What caused the Peloponnesian War?
Athens became too powerful after forming an empire.
Why were Spartan boys given limited food during training?
➡️ To build toughness and discipline.
Why did Greek city-states form instead of one united country?
Mountains and seas isolated communities from one another.
Why did Greeks travel to Delphi to see the Pythia?
To ask questions about their futures and destinies.
Which two historians wrote about the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars?
Herodotus and Thucydides
How did the Assembly work in Athenian democracy?
Citizens debated and voted on laws.
How did Sparta win the Peloponnesian War?
Persian-funded navy destroyed Athens’ fleet.
What were the five events of the ancient pentathlon?
➡️ Long jump, discus, footrace, javelin, wrestling.
Why did the Greeks establish colonies around the Mediterranean Sea?
To increase wealth through trade and support population growth.
What was the holy book of ancient Greek religion?
There was no holy book or official guidelines.
Why is Hippocrates important in world history?
He created an oath for doctors to act in patients’ best interests.
Why do modern countries elect leaders instead of having all citizens govern?
Populations are too large to gather in one place.
Which empire did Alexander the Great conquer?
The Persian Empire.