Macronutrients
Which macronutrient is the main source of energy for physical activity?
Carbohydrates
How does Edexcel define a balanced diet?
A diet containing the correct proportions of nutrients
What does Edexcel mean by energy intake?
Energy intake through a food
Why is water important for performers according to Edexcel?
To prevent dehydration
What does Edexcel mean by dietary manipulation?
Changing diet to improve performance
Which macronutrient is needed for growth and repair of muscle tissue?
Protein
Which mineral is required for strong bones and teeth?
Calcium
What is energy expenditure?
Energy used during rest and physical activity
What is dehydration?
Loss of body water
What is carbohydrate loading?
Increasing carbohydrate intake before endurance events
Which macronutrient provides energy, insulation and protection of organs?
Fats
Why are vitamins and minerals required only in small amounts?
To maintain health
What is energy balance?
Energy intake equals energy expenditure
Why is fibre important in a performer’s diet?
Aids digestion
Why do endurance performers use carbohydrate loading?
To increase glycogen stores
In what form are carbohydrates stored in muscles and the liver?
Glycogen
Which nutrient aids digestion and prevents constipation?
Fibre
What is a positive energy balance?
Energy intake is greater than energy expenditure
What effect can dehydration have on sporting performance?
Reduced performance / fatigue
Why might a performer manipulate protein intake?
To improve muscle repair and growth
Which type of carbohydrate provides a slow release of energy, suitable for endurance performers?
Complex Carbohydrates
What term does Edexcel use for a diet that lacks the correct balance of nutrients?
Malnutrition
According to Edexcel, what may result from long-term positive energy balance?
result from long-term positive energy balance?Weight gain / obesity
Which mineral lost in sweat must be replaced to maintain fluid balance?
Sodium
Why is hydration strategy an important form of dietary manipulation?
To delay fatigue and maintain performance