Second Wave Feminism
This wave of feminism focused on workplace equality, reproductive rights, and traditional gender roles.
What is second-wave feminism?
bell hooks argued feminism did not represent women who had always done this type of labor.
What is working outside the home?
Frances Beal used this term to describe facing racism and sexism at the same time.
What is double jeopardy?
This collective wrote a 1977 statement explaining Black feminist beliefs.
Who are the Combahee River Collective?
Modern feminism often emphasizes inclusion of race, class, and sexuality.
What is intersectional feminism?
This time period is most associated with second-wave feminism in the U.S.
What are the 1960s–1970s?
According to bell hooks, early feminist writings focused on women who were ______ to the home.
What is confined?
Black women experienced oppression through both gender discrimination and this.
What is racism?
The Combahee River Collective argued oppression was ________.
What is interlocking?
This criticism of second-wave feminism helps modern movements improve.
What is learning from past exclusion?
Many second-wave feminists focused on this group’s experiences rather than all women’s.
Who are white, middle-class women?
This book critiques feminism for centering white women’s experiences.
What is Ain’t I a Woman?
This 1969 essay criticized feminism for ignoring racial inequality.
What is “Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female”?
This scholar argued feminism must move marginalized women “from margin to center.”
Who is bell hooks?
Today’s feminists aim to center voices that were previously ________.
What is marginalized?
This movement challenged the idea that women should only work inside the home.
What is the women’s liberation movement?
Feminist movements often ignored differences of these two factors.
What are race and class?
Focusing on only gender made feminism ineffective for this group.
Who are women of color?
Black women created separate organizations because their voices were ________.
What is marginalized or ignored?
This question asks why historical analysis matters today.
What is the “So What?
This limitation of second-wave feminism led to criticism from women of color.
What is lack of inclusivity?
This criticism explains why feminism did not reflect the lives of working-class women of color.
What is economic and racial privilege?
This idea argues that systems of oppression work together.
What is intersectionality?
This anthology argues both civil rights and feminism excluded Black women.
What is All the Women Are White, All the Blacks Are Men, But Some of Us Are Brave?
Understanding exclusions in early feminism helps build a more ______ movement today.
What is inclusive?