Liver Architecture and Blood Flow
This liver process releases glucose during fasting states.
What is glycogenolysis?
This liver-produced protein maintains plasma oncotic pressure.
What is albumin?
This vessel brings nutrient- and toxin-rich blood from the GI tract to the liver.
What is the portal vein?
The liver converts this potentially toxic byproduct of protein metabolism into urea.
What is ammonia?
Any one of these clotting factors is synthesized in the liver.
What is factor II, VII, IX, or X?
These enzymes perform Phase I detoxification.
What are cytochrome P450 enzymes?
These macrophages line the liver sinusoids.
What are Kupffer cells?
This molecule neutralizes reactive intermediates generated during detoxification.
What us glutathione?
Blood exits the liver through this vessel after sinusoidal circulation.
What is the central vein?
This mineral is stored in hepatocytes bound to ferritin.
What is iron?
This liver zone receives the most oxygenated blood and is therefore most resistant to ischemic injury.
What is Zone 1?
This vascular arrangement exposes hepatocytes to high concentrations of absorbed toxins and nutrients.
What is portal venous inflow from the gastrointestinal tract or first-pass portal circulation?
This hepatic metabolic adaptation allows the brain to partially reduce its dependence on glucose during prolonged fasting.
What is ketogenesis?
The primary protective role of Phase II detoxification is accomplished through this biochemical process.
What is conjugation?
These cells regulate extracellular matrix production and must be tightly controlled.
What are stellate cells?