Nucleic Acids
This nucleic acid stores genetic information and is shaped like a double helix.
What is DNA?
This enzyme unwinds the double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between base pairs.
What is helicase?
This is the process in which a gene’s DNA sequence is copied into mRNA.
What is transcription?
This cell structure is where polypeptide synthesis occurs.
What is the ribosome?
During this stage of mitosis, chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase?
These are the three parts that make up a nucleotide.
What are a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base?
DNA replication occurs during this phase of the cell cycle.
What is the S (synthesis) phase?
During transcription, this strand of DNA is used as the template to make mRNA.
What is the template strand?
This type of bond links amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain.
What is a peptide bond?
This structure pulls sister chromatids apart during anaphase.
What are spindle fibers?
In RNA, this nitrogenous base replaces thymine.
What is uracil?
These short DNA segments are formed on the lagging strand and later joined together.
What are Okazaki fragments?
In eukaryotic cells, transcription takes place in this part of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
During polypeptide synthesis, this molecule brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
The main purpose of mitosis is to produce these types of cells.
What are two genetically identical daughter cells?
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
What is tRNA?
This enzyme adds complementary nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, building it in the 5′ to 3′ direction.
What is DNA polymerase?
During transcription, the DNA base adenine (A) pairs with this RNA base.
What is uracil (U)?
This event signals the end of polypeptide synthesis and causes the completed polypeptide to be released from the ribosome.
What is the binding of a stop codon?
When cancer cells spread from the original tumor to other parts of the body, this process is called ______.
What is metastasis?
This type of RNA carries the complimentary base pair sequence to the ribosome for polypeptide synthesis.
What is mRNA?
DNA replication is described as this type of process because each new DNA molecule contains one old strand and one new strand.
What is semi-conservative replication?
This enzyme binds to DNA and builds a complementary strand of mRNA during transcription.
What is RNA Polymerase?
This complementary three‑nucleotide sequence on tRNA pairs with an mRNA codon during translation.
What is an anticodon?
In this stage of mitosis, nuclear membranes reform and chromosomes begin to uncoil.
What is telophase?