Metaethics Foundations
This position holds that there are absolute, universal moral standards.
Metaethics
How is virtue primarily developed?
Through experience and habituation
What is virtue theory's primary emphasis
Character development
Which combination correctly lists the theological virtues?
Faith, Hope, Charity
Foundational approaches that help you come up with consistent answers about what's right or wrong
Moral Frameworks
the primary concern of metaethics
Whether objective moral facts exist
What characterizes a moral exemplar?
Consistent embodiment of virtuous character
A state of flourishing and living life to its fullest potential
Eudaimonia
How is charity distinct from other virtues?
represents complete self-donation & is the greatest of the virtues
Give an example of a particular moral framework
Virtue ethics
The belief that objective moral facts exist, similar to scientific facts, is known as:
How does Aristotle's concept of proper functioning relate to virtue?
connects purpose fulfillment with goodness
According to Aristotle, what leads to good actions?
Being a good person
What are the cardinal virtues?
Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance
The building blocks of ethical theories—basic values and rules that underlie ethical frameworks
Moral Principles
The difficulty of establishing a solid, objective foundation for moral beliefs that is universal and unchanging
Grounding Problem (in moral realism)
Eudaimonia
What is the "golden mean" in virtue theory?
The balance between 2 extremes (vices)
What distinguishes genuine courage from recklessness?
Proper assessment and reasonable action
Give an example of a moral principle
justice, fairness, honesty, kindness, responsibility, respect, courage, loyalty, empathy, generosity, etc.
What is the key difference between cultural relativism and meta-ethical relativism?
Cultural relativism is about beliefs; meta-ethical relativism is about actual moral facts
What is the primary goal of moral education in virtue theory?
Forming virtuous character
What is the relationship between eudaimonia and virtue?
Virtue is the means to eudaimonia (the way to it).
How do the theological and cardinal virtues complement each other?
They integrate divine and human excellence
How do moral frameworks differ from moral principles
Frameworks are foundational approaches; principles are the building blocks within those frameworks