Who?
William T. Sherman
A general in the Union Army who attacked from the west, applying the strategy of Total War in his famous March to the Sea.
Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired?
Fort Sumter
1860
Abraham Lincoln is elected president of the United
States South Carolina secedes from the Union
Why did two-thirds of soldiers in the Civil War die of disease?
Poor sanitary conditions and bad hygiene.
How did soldiers communicate to loved ones?
They wrote letters home.
Robert E. Lee
A general in the command of army of Northern Virginia. Reluctant to center the war around the issue of slavery, he nevertheless declined Lincoln's invitation to lead the Union army, and accepted leadership in the Confederate army due to his allegiance to the state of Virginia. Surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court house in 1865.
To execute the Anaconda Olan, what important river needed to be captured by the Union?
Mississippi River
1861
The Confederate States of America is formed
The Civil War begins
Shots fired at Fort Sumter
1st Battle of the Bull Run
Why did the border states stay with the Union?
Although the border states were sympathetic to the Confederacy, they did not want their land to be the center of battle.
How did the Emancipation Proclamation lead o an increase in Union troops?
Freed slaves were invited to enlist in the Union armies.
Dred Scott
A slave, who sued for his freedom on the grounds that since his master had taken him to live in free territories, he should be free. The Supreme Court ruled against Scott, declaring that slaves could not, and would never become citizens, and thus had no right to sue.
How far north did Lee manage to take his troops?
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
1862
Union wins battles in the west - Forts Henry and Donelson and others
Lee is appointed commander of the army of Northern Virginia - wins many battles in the east that summer
Battle of Antietam
Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation
Why was Ulysses S. Grant nicknamed "Unconditional Surrender Grant"?
Grant received this nickname in February of 1862 at the battle of Ft. Donelson after it was observed that he would not accept anything else but total surrender from the Confederate army.
How did Sherman's March to the Sea destroy Southern morale?
The March to the Sea destroyed a 60 mile wide path through Georgia, destroying anything that would help the Confederate cause. This dashed many Southerner's hopes for victory.
Nat Turner
Led a slave revolt in 1831, which struck a long-term fear in the hearts of slave owners, who placed new restrictions on slaves, and prompted a national debate on the slavery question.
Where was the first official battle of the Civil War?
At a stream called Bull Run 0r near Manassas railroad junction.
1863
Jan 1 - Emancipation Proclamation takes effect
Battle of Gettysburg
Gettysburg Address
Siege at Vicksburg
Why did Abraham Lincoln need to win at Antietam in order to declare the Emancipation Proclamation?
Lincoln was advised by his cabinet to hold off on announcing the Emancipation Proclamation until a Union victory. In this way, it would be perceived by the public as coming from a place of strength and confidence rather than as a last-ditch act of desperation by losing a battle.
How did Lincoln and Grant treat Confederate soldiers after the war was over?
Lincoln declared amnesty for all Confederate soldiers. They would not be tried for their part in the war. Furthermore, Lincoln and Grant allowed soldiers safe passage back home.
John Brown
A white abolitionist who led a raid to seize the US Armory and arsenal at Harpers Ferry. Brown hoped his actions would inspire slaves to rise up. Northern abolitionists viewed Brown as a martyr, while many Southerners viewed him as a murderer.
Name the four border states.
Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky
1865
Lee's surrender to Grant at Appomattox Court House
Lincoln assassinated
Why did many people think the North would win quickly and easily?
The Northern, or Union, side seemed to have all the advantages for fighting a major war. It had 23 states with a population of about 21 million. The 11 Confederate States had just 9 million people- and about one third of them were slaves. The North had many more factories and more than twice as many miles of railroad track.
How were Civil War battles usually named?
The Union usually named the battles after a natural geographic landmark such as a river or hill. The Confederates usually named the battles after man-made landmarks such as towns and railroad junctions.