ORAL CAVITY
Which stage of swallowing is voluntary?
The voluntary stage.
What does pepsin digest?
Proteins.
What are the four main functions of the gastrointestinal tract?
Motility, secretion, digestion & absorption, regulation.
Where is gastrin secreted from?
G cells in the antrum of the stomach.
Which ions are reabsorbed and secreted in the ducts?
Na⁺ is reabsorbed, K⁺ is secreted.
Why is intrinsic factor important?
It is required for Vitamin B₁₂ absorption.
What is the effect of parasympathetic stimulation on the GI tract?
Increases motility and secretion.
how does secretin affect gastric acid secretion?
It inhibits it.
What is the effect of parasympathetic stimulation on saliva?
It increases strong secretion.
How is the cephalic phase controlled?
Through the vagus nerve.
How does sympathetic stimulation affect the GI tract?
Inhibits motility, contracts sphincters, reduces secretion.
In which organ does secretin increase bicarbonate secretion?
Pancreas.