Neofunctionalism
Name 3 the most important concept of NF
Spillover / Elite Socialization / Supranationalism
Intergovernmentalism is based on assumptions that prioritize the state and national interests as the main factors driving European integration and cooperation. On which theoretical perspectives (IR) are these assumptions primarily based?
Realist and neo-realist assumptions
Why do regular patterns of behavior, rules, or practices persist in EU politics according to Constructivists?
Shared understandings / collective meanings
Which approach emphasizes that past decisions and institutional paths constrain current and future EU choices, highlighting the importance of path dependency?
Historical Institutionalism
Which Europeanization perspective explains that the ability to shape EU policies and take them back domestically is interconnected
Sequential Europeanization
This concept refers to situations in which supranational actors - the European Commission in particular - push the process of political integration forward when they mediate between the member states
Cultivated Spillover
Which concept describes integration as the result of negotiations between sovereign states, where the voting power is considered?
Interstate Bargaining
Constructivists focus in particular on questions of...
.. ideas and shared beliefs, and the ways in which European norms are established and play out within the EU institutions and the member state
What approach highlights the importance of both internal and external communication between policy-making actors or agents in the policy-making process?
Discursive Institutionalism
Which is which Europeanization?
1. seeks to explain how the European Union induces domestic change in member states or third countries.
2. analyses how member states and other domestic actors shape EU policies, EU politics, and the European polity.
Top-down Europeanization - Bottom-up Europeanization
Neofunctionalism predicts integration will be self-reinforcing. However, this phenomenon - seen in events like Brexit - directly challenges that assumption by showing integration can reverse. What is the concept?
Spillback
This concept refers to a decision-making outcome where, in order to reach a unanimous or near-unanimous agreement among member states with diverse interests, the resulting policy is limited to the minimum level of consensus acceptable to the most reluctant participants.
A lowest common denominator basis
This concept states that the "rational" choices of actors are not fixed or exhogeneously given, but are socially constructed through interactions, beliefs, and shared meanings.
Constructed rationality
Which institutionalist perspective argues that institutions are more than rules and shape behavior by embedding norms, identities, and shared understandings?
Social Institutionalism
In top-down Europeanization, what is the concept called when EU rules lead to domestic change because national policies or institutions do not match EU requirements?
Misfit
The tacit support of the European peoples upon which experts and executives rely when pushing for further European integration. How is it called?
Permissive Consensus
Liberal Intergovernmentalism explains integration in three steps: national preference formation, interstate bargaining, and this final step, which ensures agreements are credible. What is the third step?
Institutional delegation
How can EU actors convince others that certain policies or behaviors are appropriate, beyond coercion or formal power?
The power of Persuasion
Which approach sees actors as goal-oriented and strategic, creating and using institutions to maximize their own preferences and gains?
Rational Choice Institutionalism
What term describes member states learning from each other, sharing best practices, and influencing each other outside formal EU directives?
Horizontal Europeanization
Supranational institutions whisper in governments’ ears so often that ministers start changing their minds about integration. How is it called?
Elite Socialization
During negotiations, countries may form temporary coalitions that dissolve after the deal. How are these actions called?
Strategic coalition-building
Actors, such as activists, NGOs, or states, that advocate for new norms, driving the "norm emergence" stage in constructivist theory
Norm entrepreneurs
Why might EU actors find it difficult to change policies, even if they want to, due to the rules and structures already in place?
Institutional constraints
Europeanization often involves interactions between EU, national, and sub-national levels, shaping both policy and governance. What term captures this?
Multi-level governance